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A tool to extract and visualize the results of CAFE (Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution)

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CAFE_fig, a visualization tool for CAFE.

CAFE (Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution) is a software that provides a statistical foundation for evolutionary inferences about changes in gene family size.

The visualization and interpretation of CAFE results usually requires custom scripts. Here, I provide such a custom script.

CAFE_fig takes a .cafe output file and produces:

  • a summary tree that shows the average expansion/contraction of families across the phylogeny
  • a tree that denotes which branches evolve under which lambda (if a model with multiple lambdas was used)
  • a tree for each family of interest, i.e. families that the user specified by ID or families that showed significant change at a user-specified clade of interest

Requirements

CAFE_fig requires Python3.4+ and ETE3: Install ETE3 with

pip3 install 'ete3==3.0.0b35'

It's important that you use ETE3 version 3.0.0b35 since it appears that the latest ETE3 version causes problems that are beyond my control (see issue #1). This ETE3 version runs well with PyQt4 but not PyQt5, so if you're experiencing issues it's worth a try to switch to PyQt4.

Usage

usage: CAFE_fig.py [-h] [-f FAMILIES [FAMILIES ...]] [-c CLADES [CLADES ...]]
                   [-pb PB] [-pf PF] [-d DUMP] [-g GFX_OUTPUT_FORMAT]
                   [--count_all_expansions]
                   report_cafe

Parses a CAFE output file (.cafe) and plots a summary tree that shows the
average expansion/contraction across the phylogeny; a tree that shows which
clades evolved under the same lambda (if available); and a gene family
evolution tree for each user-specified gene family.

positional arguments:
  report_cafe           the file report.cafe (or similar name)

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -f FAMILIES [FAMILIES ...], --families FAMILIES [FAMILIES ...]
                        only show families with these IDs
  -c CLADES [CLADES ...], --clades CLADES [CLADES ...]
                        only show families that are expanded/contracted at
                        this clade. Format: [clade]=[leaf],[leaf] where clade
                        is the name of the last common ancestor of the two
                        leaves, e.g.: Isoptera=zne,mna
  -pb PB                branch p-value cutoff (default: 0.05)
  -pf PF                family p-value cutoff (default: 0.05)
  -d DUMP, --dump DUMP  don't open trees in a window, write them to files in
                        the specified directory instead (default: off)
  -g GFX_OUTPUT_FORMAT, --gfx_output_format GFX_OUTPUT_FORMAT
                        output format for the tree figures when using --dump
                        [svg|pdf|png] (default: pdf)
  --count_all_expansions
                        count and write down the number of *all* expansions
                        and contractions (default: only count significant
                        expansions/contractions)

Example outputs

Summary tree that shows the average expansion/contraction (radius of node circles), the numbers of expanded/contracted families (+/-), and the estimated gene gain/loss rates (blue: low rate; red: high rate). example_tree

Example output for a specific gene family. Numbers and node sizes represent the family size at each node. Significant expansions are shown in green, significant contractions in magenta. example_tree

Example usage

To recreate the plots shown above, use this command:

python3 ./CAFE_fig.py example_result.cafe -c Isoptera=zne,mna -pb 0.05 -pf 0.05 --dump test/ -g .pdf --count_all_expansions

This reads "example_result.cafe" and dumps all figures in PDF format to the directory "test/". The summary tree ("summary.pdf") will show the whole phylogeny and the number of expansions and contractions (including insignificant ones!) as shown below. Further family-wise trees will be created and dumped in the directory "test/families". These trees will only be created for families that showed a significant (p<=0.05) expansion/contraction at the node "Isoptera", which is the last common ancestor of "zne" and "mna".

Significant contractions are marked in magenta, significant expansions are marked in green (p<=0.001 = ***, p<=0.01 = **, p<=0.05 = *).

Known issues

The error message module 'ete3' has no attribute 'TreeStyle' is caused by a known problem with ete3 that is beyond my control. Check this link for possible solutions!.

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A tool to extract and visualize the results of CAFE (Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution)

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