StableNetGuardOwl: Ensuring Stability in Neural Network Potentials

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Overview

StableNetGuardOwl provides a robust suite for conducting stability tests on Neural Network Potentials (NNPs) used in molecular simulations. These tests are critical in validating NNPs for research and industrial applications, ensuring accuracy and reliability.

Features

StableNetGuardOwl supports stability tests for NNPs integrated with openMM and those implemented within openmm-ml or the Exscientia physics-ml package.
Currently this supports a range of NNPs including but not limited to SchNET, PaiNN, MACE, and nequip.

Test Matrix

The following table provides an overview of the test environments, systems, and properties assessed by StableNetGuardOwl:

Environment	Test System	Thermodynamic Ensemble	Test Properties
Vacuum	HiPen set	-	Bond/angle deviation, potential energy convergence
Vacuum	Example molecules with various functional groups	-	Bond/angle deviation, potential energy convergence, geometric convergence
Vacuum	Dipeptide alanine	-	Relaxed 2D torsion scan around phi/psi dihedrals
Vacuum/Water	Dipeptide alanine	NpT, NVE, NVT	Bond/angle deviation, potential energy, O-O rdf, density [NpT], energy conservation [NVE], phi/psi distribution
Water	Waterbox	NpT, NVE, NVT	Bond/angle deviation, potential energy, O-O rdf, density [NpT], energy conservation [NVE]
Organic Solvent	Butane, Cyclohexane, Ethane, Isobutane, Methanol, Propane	NpT, NVE, NVT	Potential energy, density, heat of vaporization, heat capacity, compressibility

Customization

StableNetGuardOwl allows users to customize or extend tests by inheriting from base classes tailored for specific stability assessments.

Components

• Stability Testing Script: Located in the scripts directory (perform_stability_test.py).
• Results Visualization Notebook: Found in the notebooks directory (visualize_results.ipynb).

Each test outputs:

1. A PDB file for the molecular topology.
2. A CSV file for the properties being monitored.
3. A DCD file for the molecular dynamics trajectory.

Usage

To initiate a stability test, navigate to the root directory of StableNetGuardOwl and run the following command:

python scripts/perform_stability_test.py scripts/test_config.yaml

There is an example test_config.yaml file provided in the scripts directory that provides default parameters for the most common test systems.

Example

For a stability test using a pure 15 Angstrom waterbox the config.yaml file may look like this

tests:
  - protocol: "waterbox_protocol"  # which protocol is performed
    edge_length: 15                # waterbox edge length in Angstrom
    ensemble: "NVT"                # thermodynamic esamble that is used. Oter options are 'NpT' and 'NVE'.
    nnp: "ani2x"                   # the NNP used
    implementation: "nnpops"       # the implementation if multiple are available
    annealing: false               # simulated annealing to slowly reheat the system at the beginning of a simulation
    nr_of_simulation_steps: 10_000 # number of simulation steps
    temperature: 300               # in Kelvin

It defines the potential (nnp and implementation), the number of simulation steps, temperature in Kelvin, and edge length of the waterbox in Angstrom as well as the thermodynamic ensemble (NVT). Passing this to the perform_guardowls.py script runs the tests

To visualize the results, use the visualize_results.ipynb notebook.

MonitoringPlotter("trajectory.dcd", 
                  "topology.pdb", 
                  "data.csv")

Additional Systems and Protocols

Beyond the primary test environments, StableNetGuardOwl can evaluate small molecules defined by SMILES strings or sourced from datasets such as HiPen. Various protocols are available to investigate molecular dynamics at multiple temperatures, different thermodynamic ensembles, and specific degrees of freedom (DOF) for potential energy scans.

Protocols

Currently, the following protocols are available:

• MultiTemperatureProtocol. Perform simulations at different temperatures.
• PropagationProtocol. Perform MD simulation in a given thermodynamic ensemble (NpT, NVT, NVE).
• BondProfileProtocol. Stretch bond along its bond axis starting with 0.5 to 5 Angstrom.

Examples

Running a DOF Scan

To perform a DOF scan over a bond in ethanol you need to generate a yaml file containing the following (scan over bond connecting atom index 0 and 2.

tests:
  - protocol: "perform_DOF_scan"
    nnp: "ani2x"
    implementation: "torchani"
    DOF_definition: { "bond": [0, 2] }
    molecule_name: "ethanol"

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2023, Marcus Wieder & QuaMS product team @ Exscientia