README.qmd

---
format: gfm
editor_options:
  chunk_output_type: console
---

```{r, setup, include = FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
  echo = TRUE, 
  collapse = TRUE, 
  message = FALSE, 
  warning = FALSE, 
  error = FALSE, 
  fig.retina = 2
)
```

# 🧇 waffle

Create Waffle Chart Visualizations

## Description

Square pie charts (a.k.a. waffle charts) can be used to communicate parts of a whole for categorical quantities. To emulate the percentage view of a pie chart, a 10x10 grid should be used with each square representing 1% of the total. Modern uses of waffle charts do not necessarily adhere to this rule and can be created with a grid of any rectangular shape. Best practices suggest keeping the number of categories small, just as should be done when creating pie charts. Tools are provided to create waffle charts as well as stitch them together, and to use glyphs for making isotype pictograms.

It uses ggplot2 and returns a ggplot2 object.

## What's Inside the Tin

The following functions are implemented:

- `waffle`: Make waffle (square pie) charts
```{r ingredients, results='asis', echo=FALSE, cache=FALSE}
hrbrpkghelpr::describe_ingredients()
```

## Installation

```{r install-ex, results='asis', echo = FALSE, cache=FALSE}
hrbrpkghelpr::install_block()
```

```{r s2, include=FALSE}
options(width = 120)
```

## Usage

```{r s3, cache=FALSE}
library(waffle)
library(magrittr)
library(hrbrthemes)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(waffle)

# current verison
packageVersion("waffle")
```

### Some new bits up first

```{r new-bits, fig.width=8, fig.height=6}
data.frame(
  parts = factor(rep(month.abb[1:3], 3), levels=month.abb[1:3]),
  vals = c(10, 20, 30, 6, 14, 40, 30, 20, 10),
  col = rep(c("navy", "black", "maroon"), 3),
  fct = c(
    rep("Thing 1", 3),
    rep("Thing 2", 3),
    rep("Thing 3", 3)
  )
) -> xdf

xdf %>%
  count(parts, wt = vals) %>%
  ggplot(
    aes(fill = parts, values = n)
  ) +
  geom_waffle(
    n_rows = 20,
    size = 0.33, 
    colour = "white",
    flip = TRUE
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(
    name = NULL,
    values = c("#a40000", "#c68958", "#ae6056"),
    labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza")
  ) +
  coord_equal() +
  theme_ipsum_rc(grid="") +
  theme_enhance_waffle()

xdf %>%
  count(parts, wt = vals) %>%
  ggplot(
    aes(label = parts, values = n)
  ) +
  geom_pictogram(
    n_rows = 10, 
    aes(colour = parts), 
    flip = TRUE, 
    make_proportional = TRUE
  ) +
  scale_color_manual(
    name = NULL,
    values = c("#a40000", "#c68958", "#ae6056"),
    labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza")
  ) +
  scale_label_pictogram(
    name = NULL,
    values = c("apple-alt", "bread-slice", "pizza-slice"),
    labels = c("Fruit", "Sammich", "Pizza")
  ) +
  coord_equal() +
  theme_ipsum_rc(grid="") +
  theme_enhance_waffle() +
  theme(
    legend.key.height = unit(2.25, "line"),
    legend.text = element_text(size = 10, hjust = 0, vjust = 0.75)
  ) 

xdf %>%
  count(parts, wt = vals) %>%
  ggplot(
    aes(label = parts, values = n)
  ) +
  geom_pictogram(
    n_rows = 20, 
    size = 6, 
    aes(colour = parts), 
    flip = TRUE,
    family = "FontAwesome5Brands-Regular"
  ) +
  scale_color_manual(
    name = NULL,
    values = c("#073f9c", "black", "#f34323"),
    labels = c("BitBucket", "GitHub", "Other")
  ) +
  scale_label_pictogram(
    name = NULL,
    values = c("bitbucket", "github", "git-alt"),
    labels = c("BitBucket", "GitHub", "Other")
  ) +
  coord_equal() +
  theme_ipsum_rc(grid="") +
  theme_enhance_waffle() +
  theme(
    legend.text = element_text(hjust = 0, vjust = 1)
  )
```

### Geoms!

```{r geoms, fig.width=6, fig.height=8, fig.retina=2}
library(hrbrthemes)
library(waffle)
library(tidyverse)

tibble(
  parts = factor(rep(month.abb[1:3], 3), levels=month.abb[1:3]),
  values = c(10, 20, 30, 6, 14, 40, 30, 20, 10),
  fct = c(rep("Thing 1", 3), rep("Thing 2", 3), rep("Thing 3", 3))
) -> xdf

ggplot(
  data = xdf, 
  aes(fill=parts, values=values)
) +
  geom_waffle(
    color = "white", 
    size = 1.125, 
    n_rows = 6
  ) +
  facet_wrap(~fct, ncol=1) +
  scale_x_discrete(
    expand = c(0,0,0,0)
  ) +
  scale_y_discrete(
    expand = c(0,0,0,0)
  ) +
  ggthemes::scale_fill_tableau(name=NULL) +
  coord_equal() +
  labs(
    title = "Faceted Waffle Geoms"
  ) +
  theme_ipsum_rc(grid="") +
  theme_enhance_waffle()
```

### Waffle Bar Charts with scales!

```{r waffle-bars, fig.retina=2}
library(dplyr)
library(waffle)

storms %>% 
  filter(year >= 2010) %>% 
  count(year, status) -> storms_df

ggplot(
  data = storms_df, 
  aes(fill = status, values = n)
) +
  geom_waffle(
    color = "white", 
    size = .25, 
    n_rows = 10, 
    flip = TRUE
  ) +
  facet_wrap(
    ~year, 
    nrow = 1, 
    strip.position = "bottom"
  ) +
  scale_x_discrete() + 
  scale_y_continuous(
    labels = function(x) x * 10, # make this multiplier the same as n_rows
    expand = c(0,0)
  ) +
  ggthemes::scale_fill_tableau(name=NULL) +
  coord_equal() +
  labs(
    x = "Year", y = "Count",
    title = "Faceted Waffle Bar Chart",
    subtitle = "{dplyr} storms data"
  ) +
  theme_minimal(
    base_family = "Roboto Condensed"
  ) +
  theme(
    panel.grid = element_blank(), 
    axis.ticks.y = element_line()
  ) +
  guides(
    fill = guide_legend(reverse = TRUE)
  )
```


### Basic example

```{r fig0, fig.width=6, fig.height=2.5}
parts <- c(80, 30, 20, 10)
waffle(parts, rows = 8)
```

### Use a data frame

```{r fig1, fig.width=6, fig.height=2.5}
parts <- data.frame(
  names = LETTERS[1:4],
  vals = c(80, 30, 20, 10)
)

waffle(parts, rows = 8)
```

### Slightly more complex example

```{r s4}
c(
  `Un-breached\nUS Population` = (318 - 11 - 79), 
  `Premera` = 11, 
  `Anthem` = 79
) -> parts
```

```{r t1, eval=FALSE}
waffle(
  parts = parts, 
  rows = 8, 
  size = 1, 
  colors = c("#969696", "#1879bf", "#009bda"),
  legend_pos = "bottom"
)
```

**Health records breaches as fraction of US Population**
```{r fig2, echo=FALSE, fig.width=6, fig.height=1.75}
waffle(
  parts = parts, 
  rows = 8, 
  size = 1, 
  legend_pos = "bottom",
  colors = c("#969696", "#1879bf", "#009bda")
)
```

<span style="font-size:8pt">One square == 1m ppl</span>

```{r t2, eval=FALSE}
waffle(
  parts = parts / 10, 
  rows = 3,
  colors = c("#969696", "#1879bf", "#009bda")
)
```

**Health records breaches as fraction of US Population**
```{r fig3, echo=FALSE, fig.width=6, fig.height=2}
waffle(
  parts = parts / 10, 
  rows = 3,
  colors = c("#969696", "#1879bf", "#009bda")
)
```

<span style="font-size:8pt">(One square == 10m ppl)</span>

```{r medkit0, eval=FALSE}
library(extrafont)

waffle(
  parts = parts / 10, 
  rows = 3, 
  colors = c("#969696", "#1879bf", "#009bda"),
  use_glyph = "medkit", 
  size = 8
) + 
  expand_limits(
    y = c(0, 4)
  )
```

```{r medkit, echo=FALSE, fig.width=6, fig.height=2}
library(extrafont)

waffle(
  parts = parts / 10, 
  rows = 3,
  colors = c("#969696", "#1879bf", "#009bda"),
  use_glyph = "medkit", 
  glyph_size = 8
) + 
  expand_limits(
    y = c(0, 4)
  )
```

### Replicating an old favourite

![](https://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2008/07/20/business/20debtgraphic.jpg)

Via: <https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/20/business/20debt.html>


```{r s5}
c(
  `Mortgage\n($84,911)` = 84911, 
  `Auto and\ntuition loans\n($14,414)` = 14414,
  `Home equity loans\n($10,062)` = 10062, 
  `Credit Cards\n($8,565)` = 8565
) -> savings
```

```{r fig4, eval=FALSE}
waffle(
  parts = savings / 392, 
  rows = 7, 
  size = 0.5, 
  legend_pos = "bottom",
  colors = c("#c7d4b6", "#a3aabd", "#a0d0de", "#97b5cf")
)
```


**Average Household Savings Each Year**
```{r fig4a, echo=FALSE, fig.width=8, fig.height=2.5}
waffle(
  parts = savings / 392, 
  rows = 7, 
  size = 0.5, 
  legend_pos = "bottom",
  colors = c("#c7d4b6", "#a3aabd", "#a0d0de", "#97b5cf")
)
```

<span style="font-size:8pt">(1 square == $392)</span>

### More replication

Similar to <https://eagereyes.org/techniques/square-pie-charts>

```{r s6}
professional <- c(`Male` = 44, `Female (56%)` = 56)
```

```{r t5, eval=FALSE}
waffle(
  parts = professional, 
  rows = 10, 
  size = 0.5,
  colors = c("#af9139", "#544616")
)
```

### Keeps factor by default levels now

With: 

```{r fct, fig.height=3, fig.width=6}
iron(
  waffle(
    parts = c(thing1 = 0, thing2 = 100), 
    rows = 5
  ),
  waffle(
    parts = c(thing1 = 25, thing2 = 75), 
    rows = 5
  )
)
```

Without (you can disable this via `keep` parameter now):

```{r no_fct, fig.height=3, fig.width=6}
iron(
  waffle(
    parts = c(thing1 = 0, thing2 = 100), 
    rows = 5, 
    keep = FALSE
  ),
  waffle(
    parts = c(thing1 = 25, thing2 = 75), 
    rows = 5, 
    keep = FALSE
  )
)
```

**Professional Workforce Makeup**

```{r f5, echo=FALSE, fig.height=3, fig.width=4}
waffle(
  parts = professional, 
  rows = 10, 
  size = 0.5, 
  colors = c("#af9139", "#544616")
)
```

Iron example (left-align & padding for multiple plots)

```{r f8, fig.height=6, fig.width=7}
pain.adult.1997 <- c(`YOY (406)` = 406, `Adult (24)` = 24)

waffle(
  parts = pain.adult.1997 / 2,
  rows = 7, 
  size = 0.5,
  colors = c("#c7d4b6", "#a3aabd"),
  title = "Paine Run Brook Trout Abundance (1997)",
  xlab = "1 square = 2 fish", pad = 3
) -> A

pine.adult.1997 <- c(`YOY (221)` = 221, `Adult (143)` = 143)

waffle(
  parts = pine.adult.1997 / 2, 
  rows = 7, 
  size = 0.5,
  colors = c("#c7d4b6", "#a3aabd"),
  title = "Piney River Brook Trout Abundance (1997)",
  xlab = "1 square = 2 fish", pad = 8
) -> B

stan.adult.1997 <- c(`YOY (270)` = 270, `Adult (197)` = 197)

waffle(
  parts = stan.adult.1997 / 2, 
  rows = 7, 
  size = 0.5,
  colors = c("#c7d4b6", "#a3aabd"),
  title = "Staunton River Trout Abundance (1997)",
  xlab = "1 square = 2 fish"
) -> C

iron(A, B, C)
```

## Package Code Metrics

```{r cloc}
cloc::cloc_pkg_md()
```

## Code of Conduct

Please note that this project is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](CONDUCT.md). By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.