Add support for Alpine 3.20

[rbhanda]

This issue is created to track progress for the work to enable Alpine 3.20 support for .NET 6.0 and .NET 8.0

Product and Test updates

• [All teams] Do a compatibility check for the product with the new OS
• [CoreCLR/CoreFX] Runtime / RID Support update
• [Infra] Add Dockerfiles for Alpine 3.20 dotnet-buildtools-prereqs-docker#1032
• [Infra] Replace docker tags used in builds across repos and branches
• [CLI team] Update CI legs to latest updated Dockerfile
• [All teams] Update test infrastructure to support the new version
• [Acquisition] Add support for Alpine 3.20 (once released) dotnet-docker#5416

Release team:

• Notify .NET Core teams regarding new OS release
• Update the supported OS content on GitHub and marketing sites.

Document updates:

• Add OS prerequisites to the dependencies document
• Update distro install page

[carlossanlop]

@rbhanda we already added Alpine 3.20 support in runtime back in January at the same time when we added 3.19 support. Here's the PR: dotnet/runtime#99560

• We only added it for 6.0.
• We skipped 7.0 since it was going out of support.
• We don't need these changes in 8.0 and above.

cc @wfurt