Update the Docker image to use Poetry

[Yorko]

The current Docker image (Dockerfile, DockerHub) uses Anaconda and is thus very heavy. Also, package versions in the Dockerfile and instructions on Docker usage have not been updated since 2021 or even 2019.

It'd help to replace the image with another one that uses Poetry and the provided poetry.lock file. So essentially, what's needed, is no install poetry in the Docker image and run poetry install to install all dependencies.