os/platform: Add software support for Raspberry Pi 5

[ethanjli]

This is a tracking issue for our project to make the PlanktoScope software able to run on the Raspberry Pi 5.

Motivation

Currently, the Python segmenter's performance is CPU-limited. Enabling the PlanktoScope software to be used on the Raspberry Pi 5 could greatly help the performance of the Python segmenter, due to the Pi 5's significant performance improvements; this intuition is confirmed by informal benchmarks of the PlanktoScope segmenter on the RPi 5.

However, it is not yet possible to run the PlanktoScope SD card image setup scripts on Raspberry Pi OS 12 (bookworm), which is needed for the Raspberry Pi 5 - there are errors coming from setting up Python dependencies, and so there might also be incompatibilities with Node-RED for handling GPIO (TBD).

Goals

• Make it possible for the PlanktoScope SD card images to be used on the Raspberry Pi 5.
• Add compatibility with the 64-bit version of the Raspberry Pi OS.
• Maintain compatibility with the Raspberry Pi 4.

Steps

(these steps will be converted into tracking issues for stories)

• backend/controller: Replace raspimjpeg with libcamera/picamera2 #79
• backend: Resolve incompatibilities between the Python backend and the Raspberry Pi 5 #323
• os: Make the OS setup scripts able to run on the Raspberry Pi OS 12 (bookworm) #325

Unresolved Questions

• Are there significant differences between the 32-bit version of bookworm and the 64-bit version of bookworm?
• Does the 32-bit version of bookworm run on the RPi 5?