neutron_plugin_db.py

# Copyright 2012, Contrail Systems, Inc.
#

"""
.. attention:: Fix the license string
"""
import copy
import requests
import re
import uuid
from cfgm_common import jsonutils as json
import time
import socket
import netaddr
from netaddr import IPNetwork, IPSet, IPAddress
import gevent
import bottle

from neutron.common import constants

from cfgm_common import exceptions as vnc_exc
from vnc_api.vnc_api import *
from cfgm_common import SG_NO_RULE_FQ_NAME, SG_NO_RULE_NAME
import vnc_openstack
from context import get_context

_DEFAULT_HEADERS = {
    'Content-type': 'application/json; charset="UTF-8"', }

# TODO find if there is a common definition
CREATE = 1
READ = 2
UPDATE = 3
DELETE = 4

# SNAT defines
_IFACE_ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_PREFIX = 'NEUTRON_IFACE_RT'

class LocalVncApi(VncApi):
    def _request(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # always pass contextual user_token aka mux connection to api-server
        try:
            if 'X-AUTH-TOKEN' in self._headers:
                orig_user_token = self._headers['X-AUTH-TOKEN']
                had_user_token = True
                self._headers['X-AUTH-TOKEN'] = get_context().user_token
            else:
                had_user_token = False
            return super(LocalVncApi, self)._request(*args, **kwargs)
        finally:
            if had_user_token:
                self._headers['X-AUTH-TOKEN'] = orig_user_token
    # end _request
# end class LocalVncApi

class DBInterface(object):
    """
    An instance of this class forwards requests to vnc cfg api (web)server
    """
    Q_URL_PREFIX = '/extensions/ct'

    def __init__(self, manager, admin_name, admin_password, admin_tenant_name,
                 api_srvr_ip, api_srvr_port, user_info=None,
                 contrail_extensions_enabled=True,
                 list_optimization_enabled=False,
                 apply_subnet_host_routes=False):
        self._manager = manager
        self.logger = manager.logger
        self._api_srvr_ip = api_srvr_ip
        self._api_srvr_port = api_srvr_port
        self._apply_subnet_host_routes = apply_subnet_host_routes

        self._contrail_extensions_enabled = contrail_extensions_enabled
        self._list_optimization_enabled = list_optimization_enabled

        # Retry till a api-server is up
        self._connected_to_api_server = gevent.event.Event()
        connected = False
        while not connected:
            try:
                # TODO remove hardcode
                self._vnc_lib = LocalVncApi(admin_name, admin_password,
                                       admin_tenant_name, api_srvr_ip,
                                       api_srvr_port, '/', user_info=user_info)
                self._connected_to_api_server.set()
                connected = True
            except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
                gevent.sleep(3)

    #end __init__

    # Helper routines
    def _request_api_server(self, url, method, data=None, headers=None):
        from eventlet.greenthread import getcurrent
        token = getcurrent().contrail_vars.token

        if method == 'GET':
            return requests.get(url)
        if method == 'POST':
            return requests.post(url, data=data, headers=headers)
        if method == 'DELETE':
            return requests.delete(url)
    #end _request_api_server

    def _relay_request(self, request):
        """
        Send received request to api server
        """
        # chop neutron parts of url and add api server address
        url_path = re.sub(self.Q_URL_PREFIX, '', request.environ['PATH_INFO'])
        url = "http://%s:%s%s" % (self._api_srvr_ip, self._api_srvr_port,
                                  url_path)

        return self._request_api_server(
            url, request.environ['REQUEST_METHOD'],
            request.body, {'Content-type': request.environ['CONTENT_TYPE']})
    #end _relay_request

    def _validate_project_ids(self, context, project_ids):
        if context and not context['is_admin']:
            return [context['tenant']]

        return_project_ids = []
        for project_id in project_ids:
            try:
                return_project_ids.append(str(uuid.UUID(project_id)))
            except ValueError:
                continue

        return return_project_ids

    def _obj_to_dict(self, obj):
        return self._vnc_lib.obj_to_dict(obj)
    #end _obj_to_dict

    def _get_plugin_property(self, property_in):
        fq_name=['default-global-system-config'];
        gsc_obj = self._vnc_lib.global_system_config_read(fq_name);
        plugin_settings = gsc_obj.plugin_tuning.plugin_property
        for each_setting in plugin_settings:
            if each_setting.property == property_in:
                return each_setting.value
        return None
    #end _get_plugin_property

    def _ensure_instance_exists(self, instance_id, tenant_id):
        instance_name = instance_id
        instance_obj = VirtualMachine(instance_name)
        try:
            try:
                uuid.UUID(instance_id)
                instance_obj.uuid = instance_id
            except ValueError:
                # if instance_id is not a valid uuid, let
                # virtual_machine_create generate uuid for the vm
                pass
            self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_create(instance_obj)
            # set instance ownership to real tenant
            self._vnc_lib.chown(instance_id, tenant_id)
        except RefsExistError as e:
            instance_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_read(id=instance_obj.uuid)

        return instance_obj
    #end _ensure_instance_exists

    def _ensure_default_security_group_exists(self, proj_id):
        proj_id = str(uuid.UUID(proj_id))
        proj_obj = self._vnc_lib.project_read(id=proj_id, fields=['security_groups'])
        vnc_openstack.ensure_default_security_group(self._vnc_lib, proj_obj)
    #end _ensure_default_security_group_exists

    def _get_obj_tenant_id(self, q_type, obj_uuid):
        # Seed the cache and return
        if q_type == 'port':
            port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(obj_uuid)
            if port_obj.parent_type != "project":
                net_id = port_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()[0]['uuid']
                # recurse up type-hierarchy
                tenant_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('network', net_id)
            else:
                tenant_id = port_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
            return tenant_id

        if q_type == 'network':
            net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=obj_uuid)
            tenant_id = net_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
            return tenant_id

        return None
    #end _get_obj_tenant_id

    def _project_read(self, proj_id=None, fq_name=None):
        proj_obj = self._vnc_lib.project_read(id=proj_id, fq_name=fq_name)
        return proj_obj
    #end _project_read

    def _get_tenant_id_for_create(self, context, resource):
        if context['is_admin'] and 'tenant_id' in resource:
            tenant_id = resource['tenant_id']
        elif ('tenant_id' in resource and
              resource['tenant_id'] != context['tenant_id']):
            reason = _('Cannot create resource for another tenant')
            self._raise_contrail_exception('AdminRequired', reason=reason)
        else:
            tenant_id = context['tenant_id']
        return tenant_id

    # Encode and send an excption information to neutron. exc must be a
    # valid exception class name in neutron, kwargs must contain all
    # necessary arguments to create that exception
    def _raise_contrail_exception(self, exc, **kwargs):
        exc_info = {'exception': exc}
        exc_info.update(kwargs)
        bottle.abort(400, json.dumps(exc_info))
    #end _raise_contrail_exception

    def _security_group_rule_create(self, sg_id, sg_rule):
        try:
            sg_vnc = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_id)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupNotFound', id=sg_id)

        rules = sg_vnc.get_security_group_entries()
        if rules is None:
            rules = PolicyEntriesType([sg_rule])
        else:
            rules.add_policy_rule(sg_rule)
        sg_vnc.set_security_group_entries(rules)

        try:
            self._vnc_lib.security_group_update(sg_vnc)
        except PermissionDenied as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='security_group_rule', msg=str(e))
        except OverQuota as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('OverQuota',
                overs=['security_group_rule'], msg=str(e))
        except RefsExistError as e:
            try:
                rule_uuid = str(e).split(':')[1].strip()
            except IndexError:
                rule_uuid = None
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupRuleExists',
                resource='security_group_rule', id=rule_uuid)
        return
    #end _security_group_rule_create

    def _security_group_rule_find(self, sgr_id, project_uuid=None):
        # Get all security group for a project if project uuid is specified
        # else get all security groups in the system(admin context)
        project_sgs = self._security_group_list_project(project_uuid)

        for sg_obj in project_sgs:
            sgr_entries = sg_obj.get_security_group_entries()
            if sgr_entries is None:
                continue

            for sg_rule in sgr_entries.get_policy_rule():
                if sg_rule.get_rule_uuid() == sgr_id:
                    return sg_obj, sg_rule

        return None, None
    #end _security_group_rule_find

    def _security_group_rule_delete(self, sg_obj, sg_rule):
        rules = sg_obj.get_security_group_entries()
        rules.get_policy_rule().remove(sg_rule)
        sg_obj.set_security_group_entries(rules)
        self._vnc_lib.security_group_update(sg_obj)
        return
    #end _security_group_rule_delete

    def _security_group_delete(self, sg_id):
        self._vnc_lib.security_group_delete(id=sg_id)
    #end _security_group_delete

    def _svc_instance_create(self, si_obj):
        try:
            si_uuid = self._vnc_lib.service_instance_create(si_obj)
        except RefsExistError as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='svc_instance', msg=str(e))
        st_fq_name = ['default-domain', 'nat-template']
        st_obj = self._vnc_lib.service_template_read(fq_name=st_fq_name)
        si_obj.set_service_template(st_obj)
        self._vnc_lib.service_instance_update(si_obj)

        return si_uuid
    #end _svc_instance_create

    def _svc_instance_delete(self, si_id):
        self._vnc_lib.service_instance_delete(id=si_id)
    #end _svc_instance_delete

    def _route_table_create(self, rt_obj):
        rt_uuid = self._vnc_lib.route_table_create(rt_obj)
        return rt_uuid
    #end _route_table_create

    def _route_table_delete(self, rt_id):
        self._vnc_lib.route_table_delete(id=rt_id)
    #end _route_table_delete

    def _resource_create(self, resource_type, obj):
        create_method = getattr(self._vnc_lib, resource_type + '_create')
        try:
            try:
                obj_uuid = create_method(obj)
            except RefsExistError:
                obj.uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())
                obj.name += '-' + obj.uuid
                obj.fq_name[-1] += '-' + obj.uuid
                obj_uuid = create_method(obj)
        except (PermissionDenied, BadRequest) as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource=resource_type, msg=str(e))
        except OverQuota as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('OverQuota',
                overs=[resource_type], msg=str(e))
        return obj_uuid
    #end _resource_create

    def _virtual_network_read(self, net_id=None, fq_name=None, fields=None):
        net_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_network_read(id=net_id,
                                                     fq_name=fq_name,
                                                     fields=fields)
        return net_obj
    #end _virtual_network_read

    def _virtual_network_update(self, net_obj):
        try:
            self._vnc_lib.virtual_network_update(net_obj)
        except (PermissionDenied, RefsExistError) as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='network', msg=str(e))

        # read back to get subnet gw allocated by api-server
        fq_name_str = json.dumps(net_obj.get_fq_name())
    #end _virtual_network_update

    def _virtual_network_delete(self, net_id):
        fq_name_str = None
        try:
            net_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_network_read(id=net_id)
            fq_name_str = json.dumps(net_obj.get_fq_name())
        except NoIdError:
            return

        try:
            if net_obj.get_floating_ip_pools():
                fip_pools = net_obj.get_floating_ip_pools()
                for fip_pool in fip_pools:
                    self._floating_ip_pool_delete(fip_pool_id=fip_pool['uuid'])

            self._vnc_lib.virtual_network_delete(id=net_id)
        except RefsExistError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkInUse', net_id=net_id)
    #end _virtual_network_delete

    def _virtual_network_list(self, parent_id=None, obj_uuids=None,
                              fields=None, detail=False, count=False,
                              filters=None):
        return self._vnc_lib.virtual_networks_list(
                                              parent_id=parent_id,
                                              obj_uuids=obj_uuids,
                                              fields=fields,
                                              detail=detail,
                                              count=count,
                                              filters=filters)
    #end _virtual_network_list

    def _virtual_machine_interface_read(self, port_id=None, fq_name=None,
                                        fields=None):
        back_ref_fields = ['logical_router_back_refs', 'instance_ip_back_refs', 'floating_ip_back_refs']
        if fields:
            n_extra_fields = list(set(fields + back_ref_fields))
        else:
            n_extra_fields = back_ref_fields

        port_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_read(
            id=port_id, fq_name=fq_name, fields=n_extra_fields)
        return port_obj
    #end _virtual_machine_interface_read

    def _virtual_machine_interface_update(self, port_obj):
        self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_update(port_obj)
    #end _virtual_machine_interface_update

    def _virtual_machine_interface_delete(self, port_id):
        self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_delete(id=port_id)
    #end _virtual_machine_interface_delete

    def _virtual_machine_interface_list(self, parent_id=None, back_ref_id=None,
                                        obj_uuids=None, fields=None):
        back_ref_fields = ['logical_router_back_refs', 'instance_ip_back_refs', 'floating_ip_back_refs']
        if fields:
            n_extra_fields = list(set(fields + back_ref_fields))
        else:
            n_extra_fields = back_ref_fields
        vmi_objs = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interfaces_list(
                                                     parent_id=parent_id,
                                                     back_ref_id=back_ref_id,
                                                     obj_uuids=obj_uuids,
                                                     detail=True,
                                                     fields=n_extra_fields)
        return vmi_objs
    #end _virtual_machine_interface_list

    def _instance_ip_create(self, iip_obj):
        iip_uuid = self._vnc_lib.instance_ip_create(iip_obj)

        return iip_uuid
    #end _instance_ip_create

    def _instance_ip_read(self, instance_ip_id=None, fq_name=None):
        iip_obj = self._vnc_lib.instance_ip_read(id=instance_ip_id,
                                                 fq_name=fq_name)
        return iip_obj
    #end _instance_ip_read

    def _instance_ip_update(self, iip_obj):
        self._vnc_lib.instance_ip_update(iip_obj)
    #end _instance_ip_update

    def _instance_ip_delete(self, instance_ip_id):
        self._vnc_lib.instance_ip_delete(id=instance_ip_id)
    #end _instance_ip_delete

    def _virtual_machine_list(self, back_ref_id=None, obj_uuids=None, fields=None):
        vm_objs = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machines_list(detail=True,
                                                   back_ref_id=back_ref_id,
                                                   obj_uuids=obj_uuids,
                                                   fields=fields)
        return vm_objs
    #end _virtual_machine_list

    def _instance_ip_list(self, back_ref_id=None, obj_uuids=None, fields=None):
        iip_objs = self._vnc_lib.instance_ips_list(detail=True,
                                                   back_ref_id=back_ref_id,
                                                   obj_uuids=obj_uuids,
                                                   fields=fields)
        return iip_objs
    #end _instance_ip_list

    def _floating_ip_pool_create(self, fip_pool_obj):
        fip_pool_uuid = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_pool_create(fip_pool_obj)

        return fip_pool_uuid
    # end _floating_ip_pool_create

    def _floating_ip_pool_delete(self, fip_pool_id):
        fip_pool_uuid = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_pool_delete(id=fip_pool_id)
    # end _floating_ip_pool_delete

    # find projects on a given domain
    def _project_list_domain(self, domain_id):
        # TODO till domain concept is not present in keystone
        fq_name = ['default-domain']
        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.projects_list(parent_fq_name=fq_name)

        return resp_dict['projects']
    #end _project_list_domain

    # find network ids on a given project
    def _network_list_project(self, project_id, count=False, filters=None):
        if project_id:
            try:
                project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
            except Exception:
                print "Error in converting uuid %s" % (project_id)
        else:
            project_uuid = None

        if count:
            ret_val = self._virtual_network_list(parent_id=project_uuid,
                                                 count=True, filters=filters)
        else:
            ret_val = self._virtual_network_list(parent_id=project_uuid,
                                                 detail=True, filters=filters)

        return ret_val
    #end _network_list_project

    # find router ids on a given project
    def _router_list_project(self, project_id=None, detail=False):
        if project_id:
            try:
                project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
            except Exception:
                print "Error in converting uuid %s" % (project_id)
                return []
        else:
            project_uuid = None

        resp = self._vnc_lib.logical_routers_list(parent_id=project_uuid,
                                                  detail=detail)
        if detail:
            return resp

        return resp['logical-routers']
    #end _router_list_project

    def _ipam_list_project(self, project_id):
        try:
            project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
        except Exception:
            print "Error in converting uuid %s" % (project_id)

        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.network_ipams_list(parent_id=project_uuid)

        return resp_dict['network-ipams']
    #end _ipam_list_project

    def _security_group_list_project(self, project_id, filters=None):
        if project_id:
            try:
                project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
                # Trigger a project read to ensure project sync
                project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_uuid)
            except vnc_exc.NoIdError:
                return []
        else:
            project_uuid = None

        obj_uuids=None
        if filters and 'id' in filters:
            obj_uuids = filters['id']
        sg_objs = self._vnc_lib.security_groups_list(parent_id=project_uuid,
                                                     detail=True,
                                                     obj_uuids=obj_uuids)
        return sg_objs
    #end _security_group_list_project

    def _security_group_entries_list_sg(self, sg_id):
        try:
            sg_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(sg_id))
        except Exception:
            print "Error in converting SG uuid %s" % (sg_id)

        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.security_groups_list(obj_uuids=[sg_uuid])

        return resp_dict['security-groups']
    #end _security_group_entries_list_sg

    def _route_table_list_project(self, project_id):
        try:
            project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
        except Exception:
            print "Error in converting uuid %s" % (project_id)

        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.route_tables_list(parent_id=project_uuid)

        return resp_dict['route-tables']
    #end _route_table_list_project

    def _svc_instance_list_project(self, project_id):
        try:
            project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
        except Exception:
            print "Error in converting uuid %s" % (project_id)

        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.service_instances_list(parent_id=project_id)

        return resp_dict['service-instances']
    #end _svc_instance_list_project

    def _policy_list_project(self, project_id):
        try:
            project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(project_id))
        except Exception:
            print "Error in converting uuid %s" % (project_id)

        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.network_policys_list(parent_id=project_uuid)

        return resp_dict['network-policys']
    #end _policy_list_project

    def _logical_router_list(self, parent_id=None, back_ref_id=None,
                             obj_uuids=None, fields=None):
        rtr_obj = self._vnc_lib.logical_routers_list(parent_id=parent_id,
                                                     back_ref_id=back_ref_id,
                                                     obj_uuids=obj_uuids,
                                                     detail=True,
                                                     fields=fields)
        return rtr_obj
    #end _logical_router_list

    def _logical_router_read(self, rtr_id=None, fq_name=None):
        rtr_obj = self._vnc_lib.logical_router_read(id=rtr_id, fq_name=fq_name)
        return rtr_obj
    #end _logical_router_read

    def _logical_router_update(self, rtr_obj):
        self._vnc_lib.logical_router_update(rtr_obj)
        fq_name_str = json.dumps(rtr_obj.get_fq_name())
    #end _logical_router_update

    def _logical_router_delete(self, rtr_id):
        try:
            self._vnc_lib.logical_router_delete(id=rtr_id)
        except RefsExistError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('RouterInUse', router_id=rtr_id)
    #end _logical_router_delete

    def _floatingip_list(self, obj_uuids=None, back_ref_id=None):
        return self._vnc_lib.floating_ips_list(obj_uuids=obj_uuids,
                                               back_ref_id=back_ref_id,
                                               detail=True)
    #end _floatingip_list

    # find floating ip pools a project has access to
    def _fip_pool_refs_project(self, project_id):
        project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)

        return project_obj.get_floating_ip_pool_refs()
    #end _fip_pool_refs_project

    def _network_list_shared_and_ext(self):
        ret_list = []
        nets = self._network_list_project(project_id=None,
            filters={'is_shared':True, 'router_external':True})
        for net in nets:
            if net.get_router_external() and net.get_is_shared():
                ret_list.append(net)
        return ret_list
    # end _network_list_router_external

    def _network_list_router_external(self):
        ret_list = []
        nets = self._network_list_project(project_id=None,
            filters={'router_external':True})
        for net in nets:
            if not net.get_router_external():
                continue
            ret_list.append(net)
        return ret_list
    # end _network_list_router_external

    def _network_list_shared(self):
        ret_list = []
        nets = self._network_list_project(project_id=None,
            filters={'is_shared':True})
        for net in nets:
            if not net.get_is_shared():
                continue
            ret_list.append(net)
        return ret_list
    # end _network_list_shared

    # find networks of floating ip pools project has access to
    def _fip_pool_ref_networks(self, project_id):
        ret_net_objs = self._network_list_shared()

        proj_fip_pool_refs = self._fip_pool_refs_project(project_id)
        if not proj_fip_pool_refs:
            return ret_net_objs

        for fip_pool_ref in proj_fip_pool_refs:
            fip_uuid = fip_pool_ref['uuid']
            fip_pool_obj = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_pool_read(id=fip_uuid)
            net_uuid = fip_pool_obj.parent_uuid
            net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=net_uuid)
            ret_net_objs.append(net_obj)

        return ret_net_objs
    #end _fip_pool_ref_networks

    # find floating ip pools defined by network
    def _fip_pool_list_network(self, net_id):
        resp_dict = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_pools_list(parent_id=net_id)

        return resp_dict['floating-ip-pools']
    #end _fip_pool_list_network

    def _port_list(self, port_objs):
        ret_q_ports = []

        if not port_objs:
            return ret_q_ports

        memo_req = {'networks': {},
                    'subnets': {},
                    'virtual-machines': {},
                    'instance-ips': {},
                    'service-instances': {}}

        # Read only the nets associated to port_objs
        net_refs = [port_obj.get_virtual_network_refs() for port_obj in port_objs]
        net_ids = set(ref[0]['uuid'] for ref in net_refs if ref)
        net_objs = self._virtual_network_list(obj_uuids=list(net_ids),
                                              detail=True)
        for net_obj in net_objs:
            # dictionary of iip_uuid to iip_obj
            memo_req['networks'][net_obj.uuid] = net_obj
            subnets_info = self._virtual_network_to_subnets(net_obj)
            memo_req['subnets'][net_obj.uuid] = subnets_info

        # Read only the instance-ips associated to port_objs
        iip_objs = self._instance_ip_list(back_ref_id=
                                  [port_obj.uuid for port_obj in port_objs])
        memo_req['instance-ips'] = dict((iip_obj.uuid, iip_obj) for iip_obj in iip_objs)

        # Read only the VMs associated to port_objs
        vm_ids = []
        for port_obj in port_objs:
            if port_obj.parent_type == 'virtual-machine':
                # created in <1.06 schema with VM as port parent
                vm_id = self._vnc_lib.fq_name_to_id('virtual-machine',
                                             port_obj.get_fq_name()[:-1])
                vm_ids.append(vm_id)
            else:
                vm_refs = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_refs() or []
                vm_ids.extend([ref['uuid'] for ref in vm_refs if ref])

        vm_objs = self._virtual_machine_list(obj_uuids=vm_ids)
        memo_req['virtual-machines'] = dict((vm_obj.uuid, vm_obj) for vm_obj in vm_objs)

        # Read only SIs associated with vm_objs
        si_ids = [si_ref['uuid'] 
                    for vm_obj in vm_objs
                    for si_ref in vm_obj.get_service_instance_refs() or []]
        if si_ids:
            si_objs = self._vnc_lib.service_instances_list(
                obj_uuids=si_ids, fields=['logical_router_back_refs'],
                detail=True)
            memo_req['service-instances'] = dict(
                (si_obj.uuid, si_obj) for si_obj in si_objs)

        # Convert port from contrail to neutron repr with the memo cache
        for port_obj in port_objs:
            try:
                port_info = self._port_vnc_to_neutron(port_obj, memo_req)
            except NoIdError:
                continue
            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.error("Error in _port_list: %s", str(e))
                continue
            ret_q_ports.append(port_info)

        return ret_q_ports
    #end _port_list

    def _port_list_network(self, network_ids, count=False):
        ret_list = []
        if not network_ids:
            return ret_list

        all_port_objs = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(
                                       back_ref_id=network_ids)

        return self._port_list(all_port_objs)
    #end _port_list_network

    # find port ids on a given project
    def _port_list_project(self, project_id, count=False, is_admin=False):
        if self._list_optimization_enabled:
            if count:
                port_objs = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(parent_id=project_id)
                return len(port_objs)

            # it is a list operation, not count
            all_port_objs = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(parent_id=project_id)
            return self._port_list(all_port_objs)
        else:
            if count:
                ret_val = 0
            else:
                ret_val = []
            net_objs = self._virtual_network_list(project_id,
                            fields=['virtual_machine_interface_back_refs'],
                            detail=True)
            if not net_objs:
                return ret_val

            if count:
                for net_obj in net_objs:
                    port_back_refs = (
                        net_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_back_refs() or [])
                    ret_val = ret_val + len(port_back_refs)
                return ret_val

            net_ids = [net_obj.uuid for net_obj in net_objs]
            port_objs = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(back_ref_id=net_ids)
            return self._port_list(port_objs)
    #end _port_list_project

    # Returns True if
    #     * no filter is specified
    #     OR
    #     * search-param is not present in filters
    #     OR
    #     * 1. search-param is present in filters AND
    #       2. resource matches param-list AND
    #       3. shared parameter in filters is False
    def _filters_is_present(self, filters, key_name, match_value):
        if filters:
            if key_name in filters:
                try:
                    if key_name == 'tenant_id':
                        filter_value = [str(uuid.UUID(t_id))
                                        for t_id in filters[key_name]]
                    else:
                        filter_value = filters[key_name]
                    idx = filter_value.index(match_value)
                except ValueError:  # not in requested list
                    return False
        return True
    #end _filters_is_present

    def _network_read(self, net_uuid):
        net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=net_uuid)
        return net_obj
    #end _network_read

    def subnet_id_heal(self, req_subnet_id=None):
        ret_subnet_key = None
        # resolve/heal all useragent-kv subnet entries
        # since the walk is expensive
        all_net_objs = self._virtual_network_list(detail=True)
        for net_obj in all_net_objs:
            ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
            net_uuid = net_obj.uuid
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs or []:
                subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs or []:
                    subnet_key = self._subnet_vnc_get_key(
                        subnet_vnc, net_uuid)
                    subnet_uuid = subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid
                    if not subnet_uuid: # can't do much
                        continue
                    if subnet_uuid == req_subnet_id:
                        ret_subnet_key = subnet_key
                    # check and heal key->id mapping
                    try:
                        self._vnc_lib.kv_retrieve(subnet_key)
                    except NoIdError:
                        self._vnc_lib.kv_store(subnet_key, subnet_uuid)
                    # check and heal id->key mapping
                    try:
                        self._vnc_lib.kv_retrieve(subnet_uuid)
                    except NoIdError:
                        self._vnc_lib.kv_store(subnet_uuid, subnet_key)

        return ret_subnet_key
    # subnet_id_heal

    def _subnet_vnc_read_mapping(self, id=None, key=None):
        if id:
            try:
                subnet_key = self._vnc_lib.kv_retrieve(id)
            except NoIdError:
                # contrail UI/api might have been used to create the subnet
                # and useragent-kv index might be out of date, try to recover.
                subnet_key = self.subnet_id_heal(id)
            return subnet_key

        if key:
            try:
                subnet_id = self._vnc_lib.kv_retrieve(key)
            except NoIdError:
                subnet_id = None
            return subnet_id
    #end _subnet_vnc_read_mapping


    def _subnet_vnc_get_key(self, subnet_vnc, net_id):
        pfx = subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix()
        pfx_len = subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len()

        network = IPNetwork('%s/%s' % (pfx, pfx_len))
        return '%s %s/%s' % (net_id, str(network.ip), pfx_len)
    #end _subnet_vnc_get_key

    def _subnet_read(self, subnet_key):
        net_uuid = subnet_key.split(' ')[0]
        try:
            net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=net_uuid)
        except NoIdError:
            return None

        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        if not ipam_refs:
            return None

        # TODO scope for optimization
        for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
            subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
            for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs:
                if self._subnet_vnc_get_key(subnet_vnc,
                                            net_uuid) == subnet_key:
                    return subnet_vnc

        return None
    #end _subnet_read

    def _ip_address_to_subnet_id(self, ip_addr, net_obj, memo_req=None):
        # find subnet-id for ip-addr, called when instance-ip created
        # first try if memo created during req can help avoid trips to
        # backend
        try:
           subnets_info = memo_req['subnets'][net_obj.uuid]
           for subnet_info in subnets_info:
               if IPAddress(ip_addr) in IPSet([subnet_info['cidr']]):
                   subnet_id = subnet_info['id']
                   return subnet_id
        except Exception:
            # memo didnt help, need to reach backend for info
            ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs or []:
                subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs:
                    cidr = '%s/%s' % (subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix(),
                                      subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len())
                    if IPAddress(ip_addr) in IPSet([cidr]):
                        subnet_id = subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid
                        return subnet_id
        return None
    #end _ip_address_to_subnet_id

    # Returns a list of dicts of subnet-id:cidr for a VN
    def _virtual_network_to_subnets(self, net_obj):
        ret_subnets = []

        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        if ipam_refs:
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs:
                    subnet_id = subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid
                    cidr = '%s/%s' % (subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix(),
                                      subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len())
                    ret_subnets.append({'id': subnet_id, 'cidr': cidr})

        return ret_subnets
    # end _virtual_network_to_subnets

    # Conversion routines between VNC and Quantum objects
    def _svc_instance_neutron_to_vnc(self, si_q, oper):
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(si_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            net_id = si_q['external_net']
            ext_vn = self._vnc_lib.virtual_network_read(id=net_id)
            scale_out = ServiceScaleOutType(max_instances=1, auto_scale=False)
            si_prop = ServiceInstanceType(
                      auto_policy=True,
                      left_virtual_network="",
                      right_virtual_network=ext_vn.get_fq_name_str(),
                      scale_out=scale_out)
            si_prop.set_scale_out(scale_out)
            si_vnc = ServiceInstance(name=si_q['name'],
                         parent_obj=project_obj,
                         service_instance_properties=si_prop)

        return si_vnc
    #end _svc_instance_neutron_to_vnc

    def _svc_instance_vnc_to_neutron(self, si_obj):
        si_q_dict = self._obj_to_dict(si_obj)

        # replace field names
        si_q_dict['id'] = si_obj.uuid
        si_q_dict['tenant_id'] = si_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        si_q_dict['name'] = si_obj.name
        si_props = si_obj.get_service_instance_properties()
        if si_props:
            vn_fq_name = si_props.get_right_virtual_network()
            vn_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_network_read(fq_name_str=vn_fq_name)
            si_q_dict['external_net'] = str(vn_obj.uuid) + ' ' + vn_obj.name
            si_q_dict['internal_net'] = ''

        return si_q_dict
    #end _route_table_vnc_to_neutron

    def _route_table_neutron_to_vnc(self, rt_q, oper):
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(rt_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            rt_vnc = RouteTable(name=rt_q['name'],
                                parent_obj=project_obj)

            if not rt_q['routes']:
                return rt_vnc
            for route in rt_q['routes']['route']:
                try:
                    vm_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_read(
                        id=route['next_hop'])
                    si_list = vm_obj.get_service_instance_refs()
                    if si_list:
                        fq_name = si_list[0]['to']
                        si_obj = self._vnc_lib.service_instance_read(
                            fq_name=fq_name)
                        route['next_hop'] = si_obj.get_fq_name_str()
                except Exception as e:
                    pass
            rt_vnc.set_routes(RouteTableType.factory(**rt_q['routes']))
        else:
            rt_vnc = self._vnc_lib.route_table_read(id=rt_q['id'])

            for route in rt_q['routes']['route']:
                try:
                    vm_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_read(
                        id=route['next_hop'])
                    si_list = vm_obj.get_service_instance_refs()
                    if si_list:
                        fq_name = si_list[0]['to']
                        si_obj = self._vnc_lib.service_instance_read(
                            fq_name=fq_name)
                        route['next_hop'] = si_obj.get_fq_name_str()
                except Exception as e:
                    pass
            rt_vnc.set_routes(RouteTableType.factory(**rt_q['routes']))

        return rt_vnc
    #end _route_table_neutron_to_vnc

    def _route_table_vnc_to_neutron(self, rt_obj):
        rt_q_dict = self._obj_to_dict(rt_obj)

        # replace field names
        rt_q_dict['id'] = rt_obj.uuid
        rt_q_dict['tenant_id'] = rt_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        rt_q_dict['name'] = rt_obj.name
        rt_q_dict['fq_name'] = rt_obj.fq_name

        # get route table routes
        rt_q_dict['routes'] = rt_q_dict.pop('routes', None)
        if rt_q_dict['routes']:
            for route in rt_q_dict['routes']['route']:
                if route['next_hop_type']:
                    route['next_hop'] = route['next_hop_type']

        return rt_q_dict
    #end _route_table_vnc_to_neutron

    def _security_group_vnc_to_neutron(self, sg_obj):
        sg_q_dict = {}
        extra_dict = {}
        extra_dict['contrail:fq_name'] = sg_obj.get_fq_name()

        # replace field names
        sg_q_dict['id'] = sg_obj.uuid
        sg_q_dict['tenant_id'] = sg_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        if not sg_obj.display_name:
            # for security groups created directly via vnc_api
            sg_q_dict['name'] = sg_obj.get_fq_name()[-1]
        else:
            sg_q_dict['name'] = sg_obj.display_name
        sg_q_dict['description'] = sg_obj.get_id_perms().get_description()

        # get security group rules
        sg_q_dict['security_group_rules'] = []
        rule_list = self.security_group_rules_read(sg_obj.uuid, sg_obj)
        if rule_list:
            for rule in rule_list:
                sg_q_dict['security_group_rules'].append(rule)

        if self._contrail_extensions_enabled:
            sg_q_dict.update(extra_dict)
        return sg_q_dict
    #end _security_group_vnc_to_neutron

    def _security_group_neutron_to_vnc(self, sg_q, oper):
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(sg_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            id_perms = IdPermsType(enable=True,
                                   description=sg_q.get('description'))
            sg_vnc = SecurityGroup(name=sg_q['name'],
                                   parent_obj=project_obj,
                                   id_perms=id_perms)
        else:
            sg_vnc = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_q['id'])

        if 'name' in sg_q and sg_q['name']:
            sg_vnc.display_name = sg_q['name']
        if 'description' in sg_q:
            id_perms = sg_vnc.get_id_perms()
            id_perms.set_description(sg_q['description'])
            sg_vnc.set_id_perms(id_perms)
        return sg_vnc
    #end _security_group_neutron_to_vnc

    def _security_group_rule_vnc_to_neutron(self, sg_id, sg_rule, sg_obj=None):
        sgr_q_dict = {}
        if sg_id is None:
            return sgr_q_dict

        if not sg_obj:
            try:
                sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_id)
            except NoIdError:
                self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupNotFound',
                                               id=sg_id)

        remote_cidr = None
        remote_sg_uuid = None
        saddr = sg_rule.get_src_addresses()[0]
        daddr = sg_rule.get_dst_addresses()[0]
        if saddr.get_security_group() == 'local':
            direction = 'egress'
            addr = daddr
        elif daddr.get_security_group() == 'local':
            direction = 'ingress'
            addr = saddr
        else:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupRuleNotFound',
                                           id=sg_rule.get_rule_uuid())

        if addr.get_subnet():
            remote_cidr = '%s/%s' % (addr.get_subnet().get_ip_prefix(),
                                     addr.get_subnet().get_ip_prefix_len())
        elif addr.get_security_group():
            if (addr.get_security_group() != 'any' and
                addr.get_security_group() != 'local'):
                remote_sg = addr.get_security_group()
                try:
                    if remote_sg != ':'.join(sg_obj.get_fq_name()):
                        remote_sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(fq_name_str=remote_sg)
                    else:
                        remote_sg_obj = sg_obj
                    remote_sg_uuid = remote_sg_obj.uuid
                except NoIdError:
                    pass

        sgr_q_dict['id'] = sg_rule.get_rule_uuid()
        sgr_q_dict['tenant_id'] = sg_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        sgr_q_dict['security_group_id'] = sg_obj.uuid
        sgr_q_dict['ethertype'] = sg_rule.get_ethertype()
        sgr_q_dict['direction'] = direction
        sgr_q_dict['protocol'] = sg_rule.get_protocol()

        if sg_rule.get_dst_ports():
            sgr_q_dict['port_range_min'] = sg_rule.get_dst_ports()[0].\
                get_start_port()
            sgr_q_dict['port_range_max'] = sg_rule.get_dst_ports()[0].\
                get_end_port()
        else:
            sgr_q_dict['port_range_min'] = 0
            sgr_q_dict['port_range_max'] = 65535

        sgr_q_dict['remote_ip_prefix'] = remote_cidr
        sgr_q_dict['remote_group_id'] = remote_sg_uuid

        return sgr_q_dict
    #end _security_group_rule_vnc_to_neutron

    def _security_group_rule_neutron_to_vnc(self, sgr_q, oper):
        if oper == CREATE:
            # default port values
            if sgr_q['protocol'] in (constants.PROTO_NAME_ICMP,
                                     str(constants.PROTO_NUM_ICMP)):
                port_min = None
                port_max = None
            else:
                port_min = 0
                port_max = 65535

            if sgr_q['port_range_min'] is not None:
                port_min = sgr_q['port_range_min']
            if sgr_q['port_range_max'] is not None:
                port_max = sgr_q['port_range_max']

            if sgr_q['remote_ip_prefix'] and sgr_q['remote_group_id']:
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'SecurityGroupRemoteGroupAndRemoteIpPrefix')
            endpt = [AddressType(security_group='any')]
            if sgr_q['remote_ip_prefix']:
                cidr = sgr_q['remote_ip_prefix'].split('/')
                pfx = cidr[0]
                pfx_len = int(cidr[1])
                endpt = [AddressType(subnet=SubnetType(pfx, pfx_len))]
            elif sgr_q['remote_group_id']:
                try:
                    sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(
                        id=sgr_q['remote_group_id'])
                except NoIdError:
                    self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupNotFound',
                                                   id=sgr_q['remote_group_id'])
                endpt = [AddressType(security_group=sg_obj.get_fq_name_str())]

            if sgr_q['direction'] == 'ingress':
                dir = '>'
                local = endpt
                remote = [AddressType(security_group='local')]
            else:
                dir = '>'
                remote = endpt
                local = [AddressType(security_group='local')]

            if not sgr_q['protocol']:
                sgr_q['protocol'] = 'any'

            invalid = False
            protos = ['any',
                      constants.PROTO_NAME_TCP,
                      constants.PROTO_NAME_UDP,
                      constants.PROTO_NAME_ICMP]
            if sgr_q['protocol'].isdigit():
                protocol = int(sgr_q['protocol'])
                if protocol < 0 or protocol > 255:
                    invalid = True
            else:
                if sgr_q['protocol'] not in protos:
                    invalid = True

            if invalid:
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'SecurityGroupRuleInvalidProtocol',
                    protocol=sgr_q['protocol'],
                    values=protos)

            if not sgr_q['remote_ip_prefix'] and not sgr_q['remote_group_id']:
                if not sgr_q['ethertype']:
                    sgr_q['ethertype'] = 'IPv4'

            sgr_uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())

            rule = PolicyRuleType(rule_uuid=sgr_uuid, direction=dir,
                                  protocol=sgr_q['protocol'],
                                  src_addresses=local,
                                  src_ports=[PortType(0, 65535)],
                                  dst_addresses=remote,
                                  dst_ports=[PortType(port_min, port_max)],
                                  ethertype=sgr_q['ethertype'])
            return rule
    #end _security_group_rule_neutron_to_vnc

    def _network_neutron_to_vnc(self, network_q, oper):
        attr_not_specified = object()
        net_name = network_q.get('name', None)
        try:
            external_attr = network_q['router:external']
        except KeyError:
            external_attr = attr_not_specified
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(network_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            id_perms = IdPermsType(enable=True)
            net_obj = VirtualNetwork(net_name, project_obj, id_perms=id_perms)
            if external_attr == attr_not_specified:
                net_obj.router_external = False
            else:
                net_obj.router_external = external_attr
            if 'shared' in network_q:
                net_obj.is_shared = network_q['shared']
            else:
                net_obj.is_shared = False
        else:  # READ/UPDATE/DELETE
            net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=network_q['id'])
            if oper == UPDATE:
                if 'shared' in network_q:
                    net_obj.is_shared = network_q['shared']
                if external_attr is not attr_not_specified:
                    net_obj.router_external = external_attr

        if 'name' in network_q and network_q['name']:
            net_obj.display_name = network_q['name']

        phys_net = network_q.get('provider:physical_network')
        seg_id = network_q.get('provider:segmentation_id')

        if seg_id or phys_net:
            net_obj.set_provider_properties(ProviderDetails(seg_id, phys_net))

        id_perms = net_obj.get_id_perms()
        if 'admin_state_up' in network_q:
            id_perms.enable = network_q['admin_state_up']
            net_obj.set_id_perms(id_perms)

        if 'contrail:policys' in network_q:
            policy_fq_names = network_q['contrail:policys']
            # reset and add with newly specified list
            net_obj.set_network_policy_list([], [])
            seq = 0
            for p_fq_name in policy_fq_names:
                domain_name, project_name, policy_name = p_fq_name

                domain_obj = Domain(domain_name)
                project_obj = Project(project_name, domain_obj)
                policy_obj = NetworkPolicy(policy_name, project_obj)

                net_obj.add_network_policy(policy_obj,
                                           VirtualNetworkPolicyType(
                                           sequence=SequenceType(seq, 0)))
                seq = seq + 1

        if 'contrail:route_table' in network_q:
            rt_fq_name = network_q['contrail:route_table']
            if rt_fq_name:
                try:
                    rt_obj = self._vnc_lib.route_table_read(fq_name=rt_fq_name)
                    net_obj.set_route_table(rt_obj)
                except NoIdError:
                    # TODO add route table specific exception
                    self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkNotFound',
                                                   net_id=net_obj.uuid)

        return net_obj
    #end _network_neutron_to_vnc

    def _network_vnc_to_neutron(self, net_obj, net_repr='SHOW'):
        net_q_dict = {}
        extra_dict = {}

        id_perms = net_obj.get_id_perms()
        perms = id_perms.permissions
        net_q_dict['id'] = net_obj.uuid

        if not net_obj.display_name:
            # for nets created directly via vnc_api
            net_q_dict['name'] = net_obj.get_fq_name()[-1]
        else:
            net_q_dict['name'] = net_obj.display_name

        extra_dict['contrail:fq_name'] = net_obj.get_fq_name()
        net_q_dict['tenant_id'] = net_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        net_q_dict['admin_state_up'] = id_perms.enable
        if net_obj.is_shared:
            net_q_dict['shared'] = True
        else:
            net_q_dict['shared'] = False
        net_q_dict['status'] = (constants.NET_STATUS_ACTIVE if id_perms.enable
                                else constants.NET_STATUS_DOWN)
        if net_obj.router_external:
            net_q_dict['router:external'] = True
        else:
            net_q_dict['router:external'] = False

        if net_obj.provider_properties:
            net_q_dict['provider:physical_network'] = net_obj.provider_properties.physical_network
            net_q_dict['provider:segmentation_id'] = net_obj.provider_properties.segmentation_id

        if net_repr == 'SHOW' or net_repr == 'LIST':
            extra_dict['contrail:instance_count'] = 0

            net_policy_refs = net_obj.get_network_policy_refs()
            if net_policy_refs:
                sorted_refs = sorted(
                    net_policy_refs,
                    key=lambda t:(t['attr'].sequence.major,
                                  t['attr'].sequence.minor))
                extra_dict['contrail:policys'] = [np_ref['to']
                                                  for np_ref in sorted_refs]

        rt_refs = net_obj.get_route_table_refs()
        if rt_refs:
            extra_dict['contrail:route_table'] = [rt_ref['to']
                                                  for rt_ref in rt_refs]

        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        net_q_dict['subnets'] = []
        if ipam_refs:
            extra_dict['contrail:subnet_ipam'] = []
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                subnets = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                for subnet in subnets:
                    sn_dict = self._subnet_vnc_to_neutron(subnet, net_obj,
                                                          ipam_ref['to'])
                    net_q_dict['subnets'].append(sn_dict['id'])
                    sn_ipam = {}
                    sn_ipam['subnet_cidr'] = sn_dict['cidr']
                    sn_ipam['ipam_fq_name'] = ipam_ref['to']
                    extra_dict['contrail:subnet_ipam'].append(sn_ipam)

        if self._contrail_extensions_enabled:
            net_q_dict.update(extra_dict)

        return net_q_dict
    #end _network_vnc_to_neutron

    def _subnet_neutron_to_vnc(self, subnet_q):
        cidr = IPNetwork(subnet_q['cidr'])
        pfx = str(cidr.network)
        pfx_len = int(cidr.prefixlen)
        if cidr.version != 4 and cidr.version != 6:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='subnet', msg='Unknown IP family')
        elif cidr.version != int(subnet_q['ip_version']):
            msg = _("cidr '%s' does not match the ip_version '%s'") \
                    %(subnet_q['cidr'], subnet_q['ip_version'])
            self._raise_contrail_exception('InvalidInput', error_message=msg)
        if 'gateway_ip' in subnet_q:
            default_gw = subnet_q['gateway_ip']
        else:
            # Assigned first+1 from cidr
            default_gw = str(IPAddress(cidr.first + 1))

        if 'allocation_pools' in subnet_q:
            alloc_pools = subnet_q['allocation_pools']
        else:
            # Assigned by address manager
            alloc_pools = None

        dhcp_option_list = None
        if 'dns_nameservers' in subnet_q and subnet_q['dns_nameservers']:
            dhcp_options=[]
            dns_servers=" ".join(subnet_q['dns_nameservers'])
            if dns_servers:
                dhcp_options.append(DhcpOptionType(dhcp_option_name='6',
                                                   dhcp_option_value=dns_servers))
            if dhcp_options:
                dhcp_option_list = DhcpOptionsListType(dhcp_options)

        host_route_list = None
        if 'host_routes' in subnet_q and subnet_q['host_routes']:
            host_routes=[]
            for host_route in subnet_q['host_routes']:
                host_routes.append(RouteType(prefix=host_route['destination'],
                                             next_hop=host_route['nexthop']))
            if host_routes:
                host_route_list = RouteTableType(host_routes)

        if 'enable_dhcp' in subnet_q:
            dhcp_config = subnet_q['enable_dhcp']
        else:
            dhcp_config = None
        sn_name=subnet_q.get('name')
        subnet_vnc = IpamSubnetType(subnet=SubnetType(pfx, pfx_len),
                                    default_gateway=default_gw,
                                    enable_dhcp=dhcp_config,
                                    dns_nameservers=None,
                                    allocation_pools=alloc_pools,
                                    addr_from_start=True,
                                    dhcp_option_list=dhcp_option_list,
                                    host_routes=host_route_list,
                                    subnet_name=sn_name,
                                    subnet_uuid=str(uuid.uuid4()))

        return subnet_vnc
    #end _subnet_neutron_to_vnc

    def _subnet_vnc_to_neutron(self, subnet_vnc, net_obj, ipam_fq_name):
        sn_q_dict = {}
        sn_name = subnet_vnc.get_subnet_name()
        if sn_name is not None:
            sn_q_dict['name'] = sn_name
        else:
            sn_q_dict['name'] = ''
        sn_q_dict['tenant_id'] = net_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        sn_q_dict['network_id'] = net_obj.uuid
        sn_q_dict['ipv6_ra_mode'] = None
        sn_q_dict['ipv6_address_mode'] = None

        cidr = '%s/%s' % (subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix(),
                          subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len())
        sn_q_dict['cidr'] = cidr
        sn_q_dict['ip_version'] = IPNetwork(cidr).version # 4 or 6

        sn_id = subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid
        sn_q_dict['id'] = sn_id

        sn_q_dict['gateway_ip'] = subnet_vnc.default_gateway

        alloc_obj_list = subnet_vnc.get_allocation_pools()
        allocation_pools = []
        for alloc_obj in alloc_obj_list:
            first_ip = alloc_obj.get_start()
            last_ip = alloc_obj.get_end()
            alloc_dict = {'first_ip':first_ip, 'last_ip':last_ip}
            allocation_pools.append(alloc_dict)

        if allocation_pools is None or not allocation_pools:
            if (int(IPNetwork(sn_q_dict['gateway_ip']).network) ==
                int(IPNetwork(cidr).network+1)):
                first_ip = str(IPNetwork(cidr).network + 2)
            else:
                first_ip = str(IPNetwork(cidr).network + 1)
            last_ip = str(IPNetwork(cidr).broadcast - 1)
            cidr_pool = {'first_ip':first_ip, 'last_ip':last_ip}
            allocation_pools.append(cidr_pool)
        sn_q_dict['allocation_pools'] = allocation_pools

        sn_q_dict['enable_dhcp'] = subnet_vnc.get_enable_dhcp()

        nameserver_dict_list = list()
        dhcp_option_list = subnet_vnc.get_dhcp_option_list()
        if dhcp_option_list:
            for dhcp_option in dhcp_option_list.dhcp_option:
                if dhcp_option.get_dhcp_option_name() == '6':
                    dns_servers = dhcp_option.get_dhcp_option_value().split()
                    for dns_server in dns_servers:
                        nameserver_entry = {'address': dns_server,
                                            'subnet_id': sn_id}
                        nameserver_dict_list.append(nameserver_entry)
        sn_q_dict['dns_nameservers'] = nameserver_dict_list

        host_route_dict_list = list()
        host_routes = subnet_vnc.get_host_routes()
        if host_routes:
            for host_route in host_routes.route:
                host_route_entry = {'destination': host_route.get_prefix(),
                                    'nexthop': host_route.get_next_hop(),
                                    'subnet_id': sn_id}
                host_route_dict_list.append(host_route_entry)
        sn_q_dict['routes'] = host_route_dict_list

        if net_obj.is_shared:
            sn_q_dict['shared'] = True
        else:
            sn_q_dict['shared'] = False

        return sn_q_dict
    #end _subnet_vnc_to_neutron

    def _ipam_neutron_to_vnc(self, ipam_q, oper):
        ipam_name = ipam_q.get('name', None)
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(ipam_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            ipam_obj = NetworkIpam(ipam_name, project_obj)
        else:  # READ/UPDATE/DELETE
            ipam_obj = self._vnc_lib.network_ipam_read(id=ipam_q['id'])

        options_vnc = DhcpOptionsListType()
        if ipam_q['mgmt']:
            #for opt_q in ipam_q['mgmt'].get('options', []):
            #    options_vnc.add_dhcp_option(DhcpOptionType(opt_q['option'],
            #                                               opt_q['value']))
            #ipam_mgmt_vnc = IpamType.factory(
            #                    ipam_method = ipam_q['mgmt']['method'],
            #                                 dhcp_option_list = options_vnc)
            ipam_obj.set_network_ipam_mgmt(IpamType.factory(**ipam_q['mgmt']))

        return ipam_obj
    #end _ipam_neutron_to_vnc

    def _ipam_vnc_to_neutron(self, ipam_obj):
        ipam_q_dict = self._obj_to_dict(ipam_obj)

        # replace field names
        ipam_q_dict['id'] = ipam_q_dict.pop('uuid')
        ipam_q_dict['name'] = ipam_obj.name
        ipam_q_dict['tenant_id'] = ipam_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        ipam_q_dict['mgmt'] = ipam_q_dict.pop('network_ipam_mgmt', None)
        net_back_refs = ipam_q_dict.pop('virtual_network_back_refs', None)
        if net_back_refs:
            ipam_q_dict['nets_using'] = []
            for net_back_ref in net_back_refs:
                net_fq_name = net_back_ref['to']
                ipam_q_dict['nets_using'].append(net_fq_name)

        return ipam_q_dict
    #end _ipam_vnc_to_neutron

    def _policy_neutron_to_vnc(self, policy_q, oper):
        policy_name = policy_q.get('name', None)
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(policy_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            policy_obj = NetworkPolicy(policy_name, project_obj)
        else:  # READ/UPDATE/DELETE
            policy_obj = self._vnc_lib.network_policy_read(id=policy_q['id'])

        policy_obj.set_network_policy_entries(
            PolicyEntriesType.factory(**policy_q['entries']))

        return policy_obj
    #end _policy_neutron_to_vnc

    def _policy_vnc_to_neutron(self, policy_obj):
        policy_q_dict = self._obj_to_dict(policy_obj)

        # replace field names
        policy_q_dict['id'] = policy_q_dict.pop('uuid')
        policy_q_dict['name'] = policy_obj.name
        policy_q_dict['tenant_id'] = policy_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        policy_q_dict['entries'] = policy_q_dict.pop('network_policy_entries',
                                                     None)
        net_back_refs = policy_obj.get_virtual_network_back_refs()
        if net_back_refs:
            policy_q_dict['nets_using'] = []
            for net_back_ref in net_back_refs:
                net_fq_name = net_back_ref['to']
                policy_q_dict['nets_using'].append(net_fq_name)

        return policy_q_dict
    #end _policy_vnc_to_neutron

    def _router_neutron_to_vnc(self, router_q, oper):
        rtr_name = router_q.get('name', None)
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(router_q['tenant_id']))
            project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            id_perms = IdPermsType(enable=True)
            rtr_obj = LogicalRouter(rtr_name, project_obj, id_perms=id_perms)
        else:  # READ/UPDATE/DELETE
            rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(rtr_id=router_q['id'])

        id_perms = rtr_obj.get_id_perms()
        if 'admin_state_up' in router_q:
            id_perms.enable = router_q['admin_state_up']
            rtr_obj.set_id_perms(id_perms)

        if 'name' in router_q and router_q['name']:
            rtr_obj.display_name = router_q['name']

        return rtr_obj
    #end _router_neutron_to_vnc

    def _get_external_gateway_info(self, rtr_obj):
        vn_refs = rtr_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()
        if not vn_refs:
            return None

        return vn_refs[0]['uuid']

    def _router_vnc_to_neutron(self, rtr_obj, rtr_repr='SHOW'):
        rtr_q_dict = {}
        extra_dict = {}
        extra_dict['contrail:fq_name'] = rtr_obj.get_fq_name()

        rtr_q_dict['id'] = rtr_obj.uuid
        if not rtr_obj.display_name:
            rtr_q_dict['name'] = rtr_obj.get_fq_name()[-1]
        else:
            rtr_q_dict['name'] = rtr_obj.display_name
        rtr_q_dict['tenant_id'] = rtr_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        rtr_q_dict['admin_state_up'] = rtr_obj.get_id_perms().enable
        rtr_q_dict['shared'] = False
        rtr_q_dict['status'] = constants.NET_STATUS_ACTIVE
        rtr_q_dict['gw_port_id'] = None

        ext_net_uuid = self._get_external_gateway_info(rtr_obj)
        if not ext_net_uuid:
            rtr_q_dict['external_gateway_info'] = None
        else:
            rtr_q_dict['external_gateway_info'] = {'network_id': ext_net_uuid,
                                                   'enable_snat': True}

        if self._contrail_extensions_enabled:
            rtr_q_dict.update(extra_dict)
        return rtr_q_dict
    #end _router_vnc_to_neutron

    def _floatingip_neutron_to_vnc(self, context, fip_q, oper):
        if oper == CREATE:
            # TODO for now create from default pool, later
            # use first available pool on net
            net_id = fip_q['floating_network_id']
            floating_ip_addr = fip_q.get('floating_ip_address')
            try:
                fq_name = self._fip_pool_list_network(net_id)[0]['fq_name']
            except IndexError:
                # IndexError could happens when an attempt to
                # retrieve a floating ip pool from a private network.
                msg = "Network %s doesn't provide a floatingip pool" % net_id
                self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                                               resource="floatingip", msg=msg)
            fip_pool_obj = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_pool_read(fq_name=fq_name)
            fip_name = str(uuid.uuid4())
            fip_obj = FloatingIp(fip_name, fip_pool_obj,
                                 floating_ip_address = floating_ip_addr)
            fip_obj.uuid = fip_name

            proj_id = str(uuid.UUID(fip_q['tenant_id']))
            proj_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=proj_id)
            fip_obj.set_project(proj_obj)
        else:  # UPDATE
            try:
                fip_obj = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_read(id=fip_q['id'])
            except NoIdError:
                self._raise_contrail_exception('FloatingIPNotFound',
                                               floatingip_id=fip_q['id'])

        port_id = fip_q.get('port_id')
        if port_id:
            try:
                port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=port_id)
                if context and not context['is_admin']:
                    port_tenant_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('port', port_id)
                    if port_tenant_id.replace('-', '') != context['tenant']:
                        raise NoIdError(port_id)
            except NoIdError:
                self._raise_contrail_exception('PortNotFound',
                                               resource='floatingip',
                                               port_id=port_id)
            fip_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface(port_obj)
        else:
            fip_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_list([])

        if fip_q.get('fixed_ip_address'):
            fip_obj.set_floating_ip_fixed_ip_address(fip_q['fixed_ip_address'])
        else:
            # fixed_ip_address not specified, pick from port_obj in create,
            # reset in case of disassociate
            port_refs = fip_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs()
            if not port_refs:
                fip_obj.set_floating_ip_fixed_ip_address(None)
            else:
                port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(
                    port_id=port_refs[0]['uuid'], fields=['instance_ip_back_refs'])
                iip_refs = port_obj.get_instance_ip_back_refs()
                if iip_refs:
                    iip_obj = self._instance_ip_read(instance_ip_id=iip_refs[0]['uuid'])
                    fip_obj.set_floating_ip_fixed_ip_address(iip_obj.get_instance_ip_address())

        return fip_obj
    #end _floatingip_neutron_to_vnc

    def _floatingip_vnc_to_neutron(self, fip_obj):
        fip_q_dict = {}

        floating_net_id = self._vnc_lib.fq_name_to_id('virtual-network',
                                             fip_obj.get_fq_name()[:-2])
        tenant_id = fip_obj.get_project_refs()[0]['uuid'].replace('-', '')

        port_id = None
        router_id = None
        port_obj = None
        port_refs = fip_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs()
        if port_refs:
            for port_ref in port_refs:
                try:
                    port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(
                        port_id=port_ref['uuid'])

                    # In case of floating ip on the Virtual-ip, svc-monitor will
                    # link floating ip to "right" interface of service VMs
                    # launched by ha-proxy service instance. Skip them
                    props = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_properties()
                    if props:
                        interface_type = props.get_service_interface_type()
                        if interface_type == "right":
                            continue

                    port_id = port_ref['uuid']
                    break
                except NoIdError:
                    pass

        if port_obj:
            port_net_id = port_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()[0]['uuid']
            # find router_id from port
            router_list = self._router_list_project(tenant_id, detail=True)
            for router_obj in router_list or []:
                for vmi in (router_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs()
                            or []):
                    vmi_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(
                        port_id=vmi['uuid'])
                    if (vmi_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()[0]['uuid'] ==
                        port_net_id):
                        router_id = router_obj.uuid
                        break
                if router_id:
                    break

        fip_q_dict['id'] = fip_obj.uuid
        fip_q_dict['tenant_id'] = tenant_id
        fip_q_dict['floating_ip_address'] = fip_obj.get_floating_ip_address()
        fip_q_dict['floating_network_id'] = floating_net_id
        fip_q_dict['router_id'] = router_id
        fip_q_dict['port_id'] = port_id
        fip_q_dict['fixed_ip_address'] = fip_obj.get_floating_ip_fixed_ip_address()
        fip_q_dict['status'] = constants.PORT_STATUS_ACTIVE

        return fip_q_dict
    #end _floatingip_vnc_to_neutron

    def _port_set_vm_instance(self, port_obj, instance_name, tenant_id):
        """ This function also deletes the old virtual_machine object
        associated with the port (if any) after the new virtual_machine
        object is associated with it.
        """
        vm_refs = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_refs()
        delete_vm_list = []
        for vm_ref in vm_refs or []:
            if vm_ref['to'] != [instance_name]:
                delete_vm_list.append(vm_ref)

        if instance_name:
            try:
                instance_obj = self._ensure_instance_exists(instance_name, tenant_id)
                port_obj.set_virtual_machine(instance_obj)
            except RefsExistError as e:
                self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                                               resource='port', msg=str(e))
        else:
            port_obj.set_virtual_machine_list([])

        if delete_vm_list:
            self._virtual_machine_interface_update(port_obj)
            for vm_ref in delete_vm_list:
                try:
                    self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_delete(id=vm_ref['uuid'])
                except RefsExistError:
                    pass

    def _create_no_rule_sg(self):
        domain_obj = Domain(SG_NO_RULE_FQ_NAME[0])
        proj_obj = Project(SG_NO_RULE_FQ_NAME[1], domain_obj)
        sg_rules = PolicyEntriesType()
        id_perms = IdPermsType(enable=True,
                               description="Security group with no rules",
                               user_visible=False)
        sg_obj = SecurityGroup(name=SG_NO_RULE_NAME,
                               parent_obj=proj_obj,
                               security_group_entries=sg_rules,
                               id_perms=id_perms)
        sg_uuid = self._vnc_lib.security_group_create(sg_obj)
        return sg_obj
    # end _create_no_rule_sg

    def _get_no_rule_security_group(self):
        try:
            sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(fq_name=SG_NO_RULE_FQ_NAME)
        except NoIdError:
            sg_obj = self._create_no_rule_sg()

        return sg_obj
    # end _get_no_rule_security_group

    def _port_neutron_to_vnc(self, port_q, net_obj, oper):
        if oper == CREATE:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(port_q['tenant_id']))
            proj_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=project_id)
            id_perms = IdPermsType(enable=True)
            port_uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())
            if port_q.get('name'):
                port_name = port_q['name']
            else:
                port_name = port_uuid
            port_obj = VirtualMachineInterface(port_name, proj_obj,
                                               id_perms=id_perms)
            port_obj.uuid = port_uuid
            port_obj.set_virtual_network(net_obj)
            if ('mac_address' in port_q and port_q['mac_address']):
                mac_addrs_obj = MacAddressesType()
                mac_addrs_obj.set_mac_address([port_q['mac_address']])
                port_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_mac_addresses(mac_addrs_obj)
            port_obj.set_security_group_list([])
            if ('security_groups' not in port_q or
                port_q['security_groups'].__class__ is object):
                id_perms = IdPermsType(enable=True,
                                       description=vnc_openstack.DEFAULT_SECGROUP_DESCRIPTION)
                sg_obj = SecurityGroup("default", proj_obj, id_perms=id_perms)
                port_obj.add_security_group(sg_obj)
        else:  # READ/UPDATE/DELETE
            port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=port_q['id'])
            project_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('port', port_obj.get_uuid())

        if 'name' in port_q and port_q['name']:
            port_obj.display_name = port_q['name']

        if (port_q.get('device_owner') != constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_INTF
            and port_q.get('device_owner') != constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_GW
            and 'device_id' in port_q):
            self._port_set_vm_instance(port_obj, port_q.get('device_id'), project_id)

        if 'device_owner' in port_q:
            port_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_device_owner(port_q.get('device_owner'))

        # pick binding keys from neutron repr and persist as kvp elements
        # that are string/string(k/v).
        # it is assumed allowing/denying oper*key is done at neutron-server.
        vmi_binding_kvps = dict((k.replace('binding:',''), v)
            for k,v in port_q.items() if k.startswith('binding:'))
        for k,v in vmi_binding_kvps.items():
            if isinstance(v, basestring):
                continue
            vmi_binding_kvps[k] = json.dumps(v)

        if oper == CREATE:
            port_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_bindings(
                KeyValuePairs([KeyValuePair(k,v)
                              for k,v in vmi_binding_kvps.items()]))
        elif oper == UPDATE:
            for k,v in vmi_binding_kvps.items():
                port_obj.add_virtual_machine_interface_bindings(
                    KeyValuePair(key=k, value=v))

        if 'security_groups' in port_q:
            port_obj.set_security_group_list([])
            for sg_id in port_q.get('security_groups') or []:
                # TODO optimize to not read sg (only uuid/fqn needed)
                sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_id)
                port_obj.add_security_group(sg_obj)

            # When there is no-security-group for a port,the internal
            # no_rule group should be used.
            if not port_q['security_groups']:
                sg_obj = self._get_no_rule_security_group()
                port_obj.add_security_group(sg_obj)

        id_perms = port_obj.get_id_perms()
        if 'admin_state_up' in port_q:
            id_perms.enable = port_q['admin_state_up']
            port_obj.set_id_perms(id_perms)

        if ('extra_dhcp_opts' in port_q):
            dhcp_options = []
            if port_q['extra_dhcp_opts']:
                for option_pair in port_q['extra_dhcp_opts']:
                    option = DhcpOptionType(
                        dhcp_option_name=option_pair['opt_name'],
                        dhcp_option_value=option_pair['opt_value'])
                    dhcp_options.append(option)
            if dhcp_options:
                olist = DhcpOptionsListType(dhcp_options)
                port_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_dhcp_option_list(olist)
            else:
                port_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_dhcp_option_list(None)

        if ('allowed_address_pairs' in port_q):
            aap_array = []
            if port_q['allowed_address_pairs']:
                for address_pair in port_q['allowed_address_pairs']:
                    mode = u'active-standby';
                    if 'mac_address' not in address_pair:
                        address_pair['mac_address'] = ""

                    cidr = address_pair['ip_address'].split('/')
                    if len(cidr) == 1:
                        if (IPAddress(cidr[0]).version == 4):
                            subnet=SubnetType(cidr[0], 32)
                        elif (IPAddress(cidr[0]).version == 6):
                            subnet=SubnetType(cidr[0], 128)
                    elif len(cidr) == 2:
                        subnet=SubnetType(cidr[0], int(cidr[1]));
                    else:
                        self._raise_contrail_exception(
                               'BadRequest', resource='port',
                               msg='Invalid address pair argument')
                    aap = AllowedAddressPair(subnet,
                                             address_pair['mac_address'], mode)
                    aap_array.append(aap)
            aaps = AllowedAddressPairs()
            if aap_array:
                aaps.set_allowed_address_pair(aap_array)
            port_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_allowed_address_pairs(aaps)

        if 'fixed_ips' in port_q and port_q['fixed_ips'] is not None:
            net_id = (port_q.get('network_id') or
                      port_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()[0]['uuid'])
            port_obj_ips = None
            for fixed_ip in port_q.get('fixed_ips', []):
                if 'ip_address' in fixed_ip:
                    # read instance ip addrs on port only once
                    if port_obj_ips is None:
                        port_obj_ips = []
                        ip_back_refs = getattr(port_obj, 'instance_ip_back_refs', None)
                        if ip_back_refs:
                            for ip_back_ref in ip_back_refs:
                                try:
                                    ip_obj = self._instance_ip_read(
                                        instance_ip_id=ip_back_ref['uuid'])
                                except NoIdError:
                                    continue
                                port_obj_ips.append(ip_obj.get_instance_ip_address())
                    ip_addr = fixed_ip['ip_address']
                    if ip_addr in port_obj_ips:
                        continue
                    if oper == UPDATE:
                        self._raise_contrail_exception(
                            'BadRequest', resource='port',
                            msg='Fixed ip cannot be updated on a port')
                    if self._ip_addr_in_net_id(ip_addr, net_id):
                        self._raise_contrail_exception(
                            'IpAddressInUse', net_id=net_id,
                            ip_address=ip_addr)

        return port_obj
    # end _port_neutron_to_vnc

    def _gw_port_vnc_to_neutron(self, port_obj, port_req_memo):
        vm_refs = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_refs()
        vm_uuid = vm_refs[0]['uuid']
        vm_obj = None
        try:
            vm_obj = port_req_memo['virtual-machines'][vm_uuid]
        except KeyError:
            try:
                vm_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_read(id=vm_uuid)
            except NoIdError:
                return None
            port_req_memo['virtual-machines'][vm_uuid] = vm_obj

        si_refs = vm_obj.get_service_instance_refs()
        if not si_refs:
            return None

        try:
            si_obj = port_req_memo['service-instances'][si_refs[0]['uuid']]
        except KeyError:
            try:
                si_obj = self._vnc_lib.service_instance_read(id=si_refs[0]['uuid'],
                        fields=["logical_router_back_refs"])
            except NoIdError:
                return None

        rtr_back_refs = getattr(si_obj, "logical_router_back_refs", None)
        if not rtr_back_refs:
            return None
        return rtr_back_refs[0]['uuid']
    #end _gw_port_vnc_to_neutron

    def _port_vnc_to_neutron(self, port_obj, port_req_memo=None):
        port_q_dict = {}
        extra_dict = {}
        extra_dict['contrail:fq_name'] = port_obj.get_fq_name()
        if not port_obj.display_name:
            # for ports created directly via vnc_api
            port_q_dict['name'] = port_obj.get_fq_name()[-1]
        else:
            port_q_dict['name'] = port_obj.display_name
        port_q_dict['id'] = port_obj.uuid

        net_refs = port_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()
        if net_refs:
            net_id = net_refs[0]['uuid']
        else:
            # TODO hack to force network_id on default port
            # as neutron needs it
            net_id = self._vnc_lib.obj_to_id(VirtualNetwork())

        if port_req_memo is None:
            # create a memo only for this port's conversion in this method
            port_req_memo = {}

        if 'networks' not in port_req_memo:
            port_req_memo['networks'] = {}
        if 'subnets' not in port_req_memo:
            port_req_memo['subnets'] = {}
        if 'virtual-machines' not in port_req_memo:
            port_req_memo['virtual-machines'] = {}
        if 'service-instances' not in port_req_memo:
            port_req_memo['service-instances'] = {}

        try:
            net_obj = port_req_memo['networks'][net_id]
        except KeyError:
            net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=net_id)
            port_req_memo['networks'][net_id] = net_obj
            subnets_info = self._virtual_network_to_subnets(net_obj)
            port_req_memo['subnets'][net_id] = subnets_info

        if port_obj.parent_type != "project":
            proj_id = net_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')
        else:
            proj_id = port_obj.parent_uuid.replace('-', '')

        port_q_dict['tenant_id'] = proj_id
        port_q_dict['network_id'] = net_id

        # TODO RHS below may need fixing
        port_q_dict['mac_address'] = ''
        mac_refs = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_mac_addresses()
        if mac_refs:
            port_q_dict['mac_address'] = mac_refs.mac_address[0]

        bindings = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_bindings()
        if bindings:
            kvps = bindings.get_key_value_pair()
            for kvp in kvps:
                try:
                    port_q_dict['binding:'+kvp.key] = json.loads(kvp.value)
                except (ValueError, TypeError):
                    # native string case, so not stored as json
                    port_q_dict['binding:'+kvp.key] = kvp.value

        # 1. upgrade case, port created before bindings prop was
        #    defined on vmi OR
        # 2. defaults for keys needed by neutron
        if 'binding:vif_details' not in port_q_dict:
            port_q_dict['binding:vif_details'] = {'port_filter': True}
        if 'binding:vif_type' not in port_q_dict:
            port_q_dict['binding:vif_type'] = 'vrouter'
        if 'binding:vnic_type' not in port_q_dict:
            port_q_dict['binding:vnic_type'] = 'normal'

        dhcp_options_list = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_dhcp_option_list()
        if dhcp_options_list and dhcp_options_list.dhcp_option:
            dhcp_options = []
            for dhcp_option in dhcp_options_list.dhcp_option:
                # if dhcp_option_value_bytes is set, consider that value
                if dhcp_option.dhcp_option_value_bytes:
                    pair = {"opt_value": dhcp_option.dhcp_option_value_bytes,
                            "opt_name": dhcp_option.dhcp_option_name}
                else:
                    pair = {"opt_value": dhcp_option.dhcp_option_value,
                            "opt_name": dhcp_option.dhcp_option_name}
                dhcp_options.append(pair)
            port_q_dict['extra_dhcp_opts'] = dhcp_options

        allowed_address_pairs = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_allowed_address_pairs()
        if allowed_address_pairs and allowed_address_pairs.allowed_address_pair:
            address_pairs = []
            for aap in allowed_address_pairs.allowed_address_pair:
                pair = {}
                pair["mac_address"] = aap.mac
                if aap.ip.get_ip_prefix_len() == 32:
                    pair["ip_address"] = '%s' % (aap.ip.get_ip_prefix())
                else:
                    pair["ip_address"] = '%s/%s' % (aap.ip.get_ip_prefix(),
                                                 aap.ip.get_ip_prefix_len()),
                address_pairs.append(pair)
            port_q_dict['allowed_address_pairs'] = address_pairs

        port_q_dict['fixed_ips'] = []
        ip_back_refs = getattr(port_obj, 'instance_ip_back_refs', None)
        if ip_back_refs:
            for ip_back_ref in ip_back_refs:
                iip_uuid = ip_back_ref['uuid']
                # fetch it from request context cache/memo if there
                try:
                    ip_obj = port_req_memo['instance-ips'][iip_uuid]
                except KeyError:
                    try:
                        ip_obj = self._instance_ip_read(
                            instance_ip_id=ip_back_ref['uuid'])
                    except NoIdError:
                        continue

                if ip_obj.get_service_instance_ip() and ip_obj.get_instance_ip_secondary():
                    continue

                ip_addr = ip_obj.get_instance_ip_address()

                ip_q_dict = {}
                ip_q_dict['ip_address'] = ip_addr
                if ip_addr:
                    ip_q_dict['subnet_id'] = self._ip_address_to_subnet_id(ip_addr,
                            net_obj, port_req_memo)

                port_q_dict['fixed_ips'].append(ip_q_dict)

        sg_refs = port_obj.get_security_group_refs() or []
        port_q_dict['security_groups'] = [ref['uuid'] for ref in sg_refs
                                          if ref['to'] != SG_NO_RULE_FQ_NAME]

        port_q_dict['admin_state_up'] = port_obj.get_id_perms().enable

        # port can be router interface or vm interface
        # for perf read logical_router_back_ref only when we have to
        port_parent_name = port_obj.parent_name
        router_refs = getattr(port_obj, 'logical_router_back_refs', None)
        if router_refs is not None:
            port_q_dict['device_id'] = router_refs[0]['uuid']
        elif port_obj.parent_type == 'virtual-machine':
            port_q_dict['device_id'] = port_obj.parent_name
        elif port_obj.get_virtual_machine_refs() is not None:
            rtr_uuid = self._gw_port_vnc_to_neutron(port_obj, port_req_memo)
            if rtr_uuid:
                port_q_dict['device_id'] = rtr_uuid
                port_q_dict['device_owner'] = constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_GW
            else:
                port_q_dict['device_id'] = \
                    port_obj.get_virtual_machine_refs()[0]['to'][-1]
                port_q_dict['device_owner'] = ''
        else:
            port_q_dict['device_id'] = ''

        if not port_q_dict.get('device_owner'):
            port_q_dict['device_owner'] = \
                port_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_device_owner() or '';
        if port_q_dict['device_id']:
            port_q_dict['status'] = constants.PORT_STATUS_ACTIVE
        else:
            port_q_dict['status'] = constants.PORT_STATUS_DOWN

        if self._contrail_extensions_enabled:
            port_q_dict.update(extra_dict)

        return port_q_dict
    #end _port_vnc_to_neutron

    def _port_get_host_prefixes(self, host_routes, subnet_cidr):
        """This function returns the host prefixes
        Eg. If host_routes have the below routes
           ---------------------------
           |destination   | next hop  |
           ---------------------------
           |  10.0.0.0/24 | 8.0.0.2   |
           |  12.0.0.0/24 | 10.0.0.4  |
           |  14.0.0.0/24 | 12.0.0.23 |
           |  16.0.0.0/24 | 8.0.0.4   |
           |  15.0.0.0/24 | 16.0.0.2  |
           |  20.0.0.0/24 | 8.0.0.12  |
           ---------------------------
           subnet_cidr is 8.0.0.0/24

           This function returns the dictionary
           '8.0.0.2' : ['10.0.0.0/24', '12.0.0.0/24', '14.0.0.0/24']
           '8.0.0.4' : ['16.0.0.0/24', '15.0.0.0/24']
           '8.0.0.12': ['20.0.0.0/24']
        """
        temp_host_routes = list(host_routes)
        cidr_ip_set = IPSet([subnet_cidr])
        host_route_dict = {}
        for route in temp_host_routes[:]:
            next_hop = route.get_next_hop()
            if IPAddress(next_hop) in cidr_ip_set:
                if next_hop in host_route_dict:
                    host_route_dict[next_hop].append(route.get_prefix())
                else:
                    host_route_dict[next_hop] = [route.get_prefix()]
                temp_host_routes.remove(route)

        # look for indirect routes
        if temp_host_routes:
            for ipaddr in host_route_dict:
                self._port_update_prefixes(host_route_dict[ipaddr],
                                           temp_host_routes)
        return host_route_dict

    def _port_update_prefixes(self, matched_route_list, unmatched_host_routes):
        process_host_routes = True
        while process_host_routes:
            process_host_routes = False
            for route in unmatched_host_routes:
                ip_addr = IPAddress(route.get_next_hop())
                if ip_addr in IPSet(matched_route_list):
                    matched_route_list.append(route.get_prefix())
                    unmatched_host_routes.remove(route)
                    process_host_routes = True

    def _port_check_and_add_iface_route_table(self, fixed_ips, net_obj,
                                              port_obj):
        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        if not ipam_refs:
            return

        for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
            subnets = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
            for subnet in subnets:
                host_routes = subnet.get_host_routes()
                if host_routes is None:
                    continue
                sn_id = subnet.subnet_uuid
                subnet_cidr = '%s/%s' % (subnet.subnet.get_ip_prefix(),
                                         subnet.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len())

                for ip_addr in [fixed_ip['ip_address'] for fixed_ip in
                                fixed_ips if fixed_ip['subnet_id'] == sn_id]:
                    host_prefixes = self._port_get_host_prefixes(host_routes.route,
                                                                 subnet_cidr)
                    if ip_addr in host_prefixes:
                        self._port_add_iface_route_table(host_prefixes[ip_addr],
                                                         port_obj, sn_id)

    def _port_add_iface_route_table(self, route_prefix_list, port_obj,
                                    subnet_id):
        project_obj = self._project_read(proj_id=port_obj.parent_uuid)
        intf_rt_name = '%s_%s_%s' % (_IFACE_ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_PREFIX,
                                     subnet_id, port_obj.uuid)
        intf_rt_fq_name = list(project_obj.get_fq_name())
        intf_rt_fq_name.append(intf_rt_name)

        try:
            intf_route_table_obj = self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_read(
                                    fq_name=intf_rt_fq_name)
        except vnc_exc.NoIdError:
            route_table = RouteTableType(intf_rt_name)
            route_table.set_route([])
            intf_route_table = InterfaceRouteTable(
                                interface_route_table_routes=route_table,
                                parent_obj=project_obj,
                                name=intf_rt_name)

            intf_route_table_id = self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_create(
                                    intf_route_table)
            intf_route_table_obj = self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_read(
                                    id=intf_route_table_id)

        rt_routes = intf_route_table_obj.get_interface_route_table_routes()
        routes = rt_routes.get_route()
        # delete any old routes
        routes = []
        for prefix in route_prefix_list:
            routes.append(RouteType(prefix=prefix))
        rt_routes.set_route(routes)
        intf_route_table_obj.set_interface_route_table_routes(rt_routes)
        self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_update(intf_route_table_obj)
        port_obj.add_interface_route_table(intf_route_table_obj)
        self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_update(port_obj)

    def _port_update_iface_route_table(self, net_obj, subnet_cidr, subnet_id,
                                       new_host_routes, old_host_routes=None):
        old_host_prefixes = {}
        if old_host_routes:
            old_host_prefixes = self._port_get_host_prefixes(old_host_routes.route,
                                                             subnet_cidr)
        new_host_prefixes = self._port_get_host_prefixes(new_host_routes,
                                                         subnet_cidr)

        for ipaddr, prefixes in old_host_prefixes.items():
            if ipaddr in new_host_prefixes:
                need_update = False
                if len(prefixes) == len(new_host_prefixes[ipaddr]):
                    for prefix in prefixes:
                        if prefix not in new_host_prefixes[ipaddr]:
                            need_update = True
                            break
                else:
                    need_update= True
                if need_update:
                    old_host_prefixes.pop(ipaddr)
                else:
                    # both the old and new are same. No need to do
                    # anything
                    old_host_prefixes.pop(ipaddr)
                    new_host_prefixes.pop(ipaddr)

        if not new_host_prefixes and not old_host_prefixes:
            # nothing to be done as old_host_routes and
            # new_host_routes match exactly
            return

        # get the list of all the ip objs for this network
        ipobjs = self._instance_ip_list(back_ref_id=[net_obj.uuid])
        for ipobj in ipobjs:
            ipaddr = ipobj.get_instance_ip_address()
            if ipaddr in old_host_prefixes:
                self._port_remove_iface_route_table(ipobj, subnet_id)
                continue

            if ipaddr in new_host_prefixes:
                port_back_refs = ipobj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs()
                for port_ref in port_back_refs:
                    port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(
                                    port_id=port_ref['uuid'])
                    self._port_add_iface_route_table(new_host_prefixes[ipaddr],
                                                     port_obj, subnet_id)

    def _port_remove_iface_route_table(self, ipobj, subnet_id):
        port_refs = ipobj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs()
        for port_ref in port_refs or []:
            port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=port_ref['uuid'])
            intf_rt_name = '%s_%s_%s' % (_IFACE_ROUTE_TABLE_NAME_PREFIX,
                                         subnet_id, port_obj.uuid)
            for rt_ref in port_obj.get_interface_route_table_refs() or []:
                if rt_ref['to'][2] != intf_rt_name:
                    continue
                try:
                    intf_route_table_obj = self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_read(
                                                               id=rt_ref['uuid'])
                    port_obj.del_interface_route_table(intf_route_table_obj)
                    self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_update(port_obj)
                    self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_delete(id=rt_ref['uuid'])
                except (NoIdError, RefsExistError) as e:
                    pass

    def _virtual_router_to_neutron(self, virtual_router):
        # TODO(md): Only dpdk enabled flag supported currently. Add more.
        dpdk_enabled = virtual_router.get_virtual_router_dpdk_enabled()

        # The .get_<resource>() method of VirtualRouter object seems to return
        # None in case a boolean is not set. Therefore the 'or False'
        # expression below to assure True or False values
        vr = {'dpdk_enabled': dpdk_enabled or False}
        return vr

    def wait_for_api_server_connection(func):
        def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
            self._connected_to_api_server.wait()
            return func(self, *args, **kwargs)

        return wrapper
    # end wait_for_api_server_connection

    # public methods
    # network api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def network_create(self, network_q):
        net_obj = self._network_neutron_to_vnc(network_q, CREATE)
        try:
            net_uuid = self._resource_create('virtual_network', net_obj)
        except RefsExistError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='network', msg='Network Already exists')

        if net_obj.router_external:
            fip_pool_obj = FloatingIpPool('floating-ip-pool', net_obj)
            self._floating_ip_pool_create(fip_pool_obj)

        ret_network_q = self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net_obj, net_repr='SHOW')
        return ret_network_q
    #end network_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def network_read(self, net_uuid, fields=None):
        # see if we can return fast...
        #if fields and (len(fields) == 1) and fields[0] == 'tenant_id':
        #    tenant_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('network', net_uuid)
        #    return {'id': net_uuid, 'tenant_id': tenant_id}

        try:
            net_obj = self._network_read(net_uuid)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkNotFound', net_id=net_uuid)

        return self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net_obj, net_repr='SHOW')
    #end network_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def network_update(self, net_id, network_q):
        net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=net_id)
        router_external = net_obj.get_router_external()
        shared = net_obj.get_is_shared()
        network_q['id'] = net_id
        net_obj = self._network_neutron_to_vnc(network_q, UPDATE)
        if net_obj.router_external and not router_external:
            fip_pools = net_obj.get_floating_ip_pools()
            fip_pool_obj = FloatingIpPool('floating-ip-pool', net_obj)
            self._floating_ip_pool_create(fip_pool_obj)
        if router_external and not net_obj.router_external:
            fip_pools = net_obj.get_floating_ip_pools()
            if fip_pools:
                for fip_pool in fip_pools:
                    try:
                        pool_id = fip_pool['uuid']
                        self._floating_ip_pool_delete(fip_pool_id=pool_id)
                    except RefsExistError:
                        self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkInUse',
                                                       net_id=net_id)
        if shared and not net_obj.is_shared:
            for vmi in net_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_back_refs() or []:
                vmi_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=vmi['uuid'])
                if (vmi_obj.parent_type == 'project' and
                    vmi_obj.parent_uuid != net_obj.parent_uuid):
                    self._raise_contrail_exception(
                        'InvalidSharedSetting',
                        network=net_obj.display_name)
        self._virtual_network_update(net_obj)

        ret_network_q = self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net_obj, net_repr='SHOW')
        return ret_network_q
    #end network_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def network_delete(self, net_id):
        self._virtual_network_delete(net_id=net_id)
    #end network_delete

    # TODO request based on filter contents
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def network_list(self, context=None, filters=None):
        ret_dict = {}

        def _collect_without_prune(net_ids):
            for net_id in net_ids:
                try:
                    net_obj = self._network_read(net_id)
                    net_info = self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net_obj,
                                                        net_repr='LIST')
                    ret_dict[net_id] = net_info
                except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in network_list: %s for id %s",
                        str(e), net_id)
                    continue
        #end _collect_without_prune

        # collect phase
        all_net_objs = []  # all n/ws in all projects
        if context and not context['is_admin']:
            if filters and 'id' in filters:
                _collect_without_prune(filters['id'])
            elif filters and 'name' in filters:
                net_objs = self._network_list_project(context['tenant'])
                all_net_objs.extend(net_objs)
                all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_shared())
                all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_router_external())
            elif (filters and 'shared' in filters and filters['shared'][0] and
                  'router:external' not in filters):
                all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_shared())
            elif (filters and 'router:external' in filters and
                  'shared' not in filters):
                all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_router_external())
            elif (filters and 'router:external' in filters and
                  'shared' in filters):
                all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_shared_and_ext())
            else:
                project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))
                if not filters:
                    all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_router_external())
                    all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_shared())
                all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_project(project_uuid))
        # admin role from here on
        elif filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            # project-id is present
            if 'id' in filters:
                # required networks are also specified,
                # just read and populate ret_dict
                # prune is skipped because all_net_objs is empty
                _collect_without_prune(filters['id'])
            else:
                # read all networks in project, and prune below
                proj_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context, filters['tenant_id'])
                for p_id in proj_ids:
                    all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_project(p_id))
                if 'router:external' in filters:
                    all_net_objs.extend(self._network_list_router_external())
        elif filters and 'id' in filters:
            # required networks are specified, just read and populate ret_dict
            # prune is skipped because all_net_objs is empty
            _collect_without_prune(filters['id'])
        elif filters and 'name' in filters:
            net_objs = self._network_list_project(None)
            all_net_objs.extend(net_objs)
        elif filters and 'shared' in filters:
            if filters['shared'][0] == True:
                nets = self._network_list_shared()
                for net in nets:
                    net_info = self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net,
                                                            net_repr='LIST')
                    ret_dict[net.uuid] = net_info
        elif filters and 'router:external' in filters:
            nets = self._network_list_router_external()
            if filters['router:external'][0] == True:
                for net in nets:
                    net_info = self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net, net_repr='LIST')
                    ret_dict[net.uuid] = net_info
        else:
            # read all networks in all projects
            all_net_objs.extend(self._virtual_network_list(detail=True))

        # prune phase
        for net_obj in all_net_objs:
            if net_obj.uuid in ret_dict:
                continue
            net_fq_name = unicode(net_obj.get_fq_name())
            if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'contrail:fq_name',
                                            net_fq_name):
                continue
            if not self._filters_is_present(
                filters, 'name', net_obj.get_display_name() or net_obj.name):
                continue
            if net_obj.is_shared is None:
                is_shared = False
            else:
                is_shared = net_obj.is_shared
            if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'shared',
                                            is_shared):
                continue
            try:
                net_info = self._network_vnc_to_neutron(net_obj,
                                                        net_repr='LIST')
            except NoIdError:
                continue
            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.error("Error in network_list: %s for id %s",
                    str(e), net_obj.uuid)
                continue
            ret_dict[net_obj.uuid] = net_info

        ret_list = []
        for net in ret_dict.values():
            ret_list.append(net)

        return ret_list
    #end network_list

    def _resource_count_optimized(self, resource, filters=None):
        if filters and ('tenant_id' not in filters or len(filters.keys()) > 1):
            return None

        project_ids = filters.get('tenant_id') if filters else None
        if not isinstance(project_ids, list):
            project_ids = [project_ids]

        json_resource = resource.replace("_", "-")
        if resource == "floating_ips":
            count = lambda pid: self._vnc_lib.floating_ips_list(
                          back_ref_id=pid, count=True)[json_resource]['count']
        else:
            method = getattr(self._vnc_lib, resource + "_list")
            count = lambda pid: method(parent_id=pid,
                                       count=True)[json_resource]['count']

        ret = [count(pid) for pid in project_ids] if project_ids \
            else [count(None)]
        return sum(ret)

    # end _resource_count_optimized

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def network_count(self, filters=None):
        count = self._resource_count_optimized("virtual_networks", filters)
        if count is not None:
            return count

        nets_info = self.network_list(filters=filters)
        return len(nets_info)
    #end network_count

    # subnet api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def subnet_create(self, subnet_q):
        net_id = subnet_q['network_id']
        net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=net_id)

        ipam_fq_name = subnet_q.get('contrail:ipam_fq_name')
        if ipam_fq_name:
            domain_name, project_name, ipam_name = ipam_fq_name

            domain_obj = Domain(domain_name)
            project_obj = Project(project_name, domain_obj)
            netipam_obj = NetworkIpam(ipam_name, project_obj)
        else:  # link with project's default ipam or global default ipam
            try:
                ipam_fq_name = net_obj.get_fq_name()[:-1]
                ipam_fq_name.append('default-network-ipam')
                netipam_obj = self._vnc_lib.network_ipam_read(fq_name=ipam_fq_name)
            except NoIdError:
                netipam_obj = NetworkIpam()
            ipam_fq_name = netipam_obj.get_fq_name()

        subnet_vnc = self._subnet_neutron_to_vnc(subnet_q)
        subnet_key = self._subnet_vnc_get_key(subnet_vnc, net_id)

        # Locate list of subnets to which this subnet has to be appended
        net_ipam_ref = None
        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        if ipam_refs:
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                if ipam_ref['to'] == ipam_fq_name:
                    net_ipam_ref = ipam_ref
                    break

        if not net_ipam_ref:
            # First link from net to this ipam
            vnsn_data = VnSubnetsType([subnet_vnc])
            net_obj.add_network_ipam(netipam_obj, vnsn_data)
        else:  # virtual-network already linked to this ipam
            for subnet in net_ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets():
                if subnet_key == self._subnet_vnc_get_key(subnet, net_id):
                    existing_sn_id = subnet.subnet_uuid
                    # duplicate !!
                    msg = _("Cidr %s overlaps with another subnet of subnet %s"
                            ) % (subnet_q['cidr'], existing_sn_id)
                    self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                                                   resource='subnet', msg=msg)
            vnsn_data = net_ipam_ref['attr']
            vnsn_data.ipam_subnets.append(subnet_vnc)
            # TODO: Add 'ref_update' API that will set this field
            net_obj._pending_field_updates.add('network_ipam_refs')
        self._virtual_network_update(net_obj)

        # Read in subnet from server to get updated values for gw etc.
        subnet_vnc = self._subnet_read(subnet_key)
        subnet_info = self._subnet_vnc_to_neutron(subnet_vnc, net_obj,
                                                  ipam_fq_name)

        return subnet_info
    #end subnet_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def subnet_read(self, subnet_id):
        subnet_key = self._subnet_vnc_read_mapping(id=subnet_id)
        if not subnet_key:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetNotFound',
                                           subnet_id=subnet_id)
        net_id = subnet_key.split()[0]

        try:
            net_obj = self._network_read(net_id)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetNotFound',
                                           subnet_id=subnet_id)

        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        if ipam_refs:
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs:
                    if subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid == subnet_id:
                        ret_subnet_q = self._subnet_vnc_to_neutron(
                            subnet_vnc, net_obj, ipam_ref['to'])
                        return ret_subnet_q

        self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetNotFound',
                                       subnet_id=subnet_id)
    #end subnet_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def subnet_update(self, subnet_id, subnet_q):
        if 'gateway_ip' in subnet_q:
            if subnet_q['gateway_ip'] != None:
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'BadRequest', resource='subnet',
                    msg="update of gateway is not supported")

        if 'allocation_pools' in subnet_q:
            if subnet_q['allocation_pools'] != None:
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'BadRequest', resource='subnet',
                    msg="update of allocation_pools is not allowed")

        subnet_key = self._subnet_vnc_read_mapping(id=subnet_id)
        if not subnet_key:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetNotFound',
                                           subnet_id)
        net_id = subnet_key.split()[0]
        net_obj = self._network_read(net_id)
        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        subnet_found = False
        if ipam_refs:
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                subnets = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                for subnet_vnc in subnets:
                    if subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid == subnet_id:
                        subnet_found = True
                        break
                if subnet_found:
                    if 'name' in subnet_q:
                        if subnet_q['name'] != None:
                            subnet_vnc.set_subnet_name(subnet_q['name'])
                    if 'gateway_ip' in subnet_q:
                        if subnet_q['gateway_ip'] != None:
                            subnet_vnc.set_default_gateway(subnet_q['gateway_ip'])

                    if 'enable_dhcp' in subnet_q:
                        if subnet_q['enable_dhcp'] != None:
                            subnet_vnc.set_enable_dhcp(subnet_q['enable_dhcp'])

                    if 'dns_nameservers' in subnet_q:
                        if subnet_q['dns_nameservers'] != None:
                            dhcp_options=[]
                            dns_servers=" ".join(subnet_q['dns_nameservers'])
                            if dns_servers:
                                dhcp_options.append(DhcpOptionType(dhcp_option_name='6',
                                                                   dhcp_option_value=dns_servers))
                            if dhcp_options:
                                subnet_vnc.set_dhcp_option_list(DhcpOptionsListType(dhcp_options))
                            else:
                                subnet_vnc.set_dhcp_option_list(None)

                    if 'host_routes' in subnet_q:
                        if subnet_q['host_routes'] != None:
                            host_routes=[]
                            for host_route in subnet_q['host_routes']:
                                host_routes.append(RouteType(prefix=host_route['destination'],
                                                             next_hop=host_route['nexthop']))
                            if self._apply_subnet_host_routes:
                                old_host_routes = subnet_vnc.get_host_routes()
                                subnet_cidr = '%s/%s' % (subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix(),
                                                         subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len())
                                self._port_update_iface_route_table(net_obj,
                                                                    subnet_cidr,
                                                                    subnet_id,
                                                                    host_routes,
                                                                    old_host_routes)
                            if host_routes:
                                subnet_vnc.set_host_routes(RouteTableType(host_routes))
                            else:
                                subnet_vnc.set_host_routes(None)

                    net_obj._pending_field_updates.add('network_ipam_refs')
                    self._virtual_network_update(net_obj)
                    ret_subnet_q = self._subnet_vnc_to_neutron(
                                        subnet_vnc, net_obj, ipam_ref['to'])

                    return ret_subnet_q

        return {}
    # end subnet_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def subnet_delete(self, subnet_id):
        subnet_key = self._subnet_vnc_read_mapping(id=subnet_id)
        if not subnet_key:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetNotFound',
                                           subnet_id)
        net_id = subnet_key.split()[0]

        net_obj = self._network_read(net_id)
        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
        if ipam_refs:
            for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                orig_subnets = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                new_subnets = [subnet_vnc for subnet_vnc in orig_subnets
                               if subnet_vnc.subnet_uuid != subnet_id]
                if len(orig_subnets) != len(new_subnets):
                    # matched subnet to be deleted
                    ipam_ref['attr'].set_ipam_subnets(new_subnets)
                    net_obj._pending_field_updates.add('network_ipam_refs')
                    try:
                        self._virtual_network_update(net_obj)
                    except RefsExistError:
                        self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetInUse',
                                                       subnet_id=subnet_id)

                    return
    #end subnet_delete

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def subnets_list(self, context, filters=None):
        ret_subnets = []

        all_net_objs = []
        if filters and 'id' in filters:
            # required subnets are specified,
            # just read in corresponding net_ids
            net_ids = set([])
            for subnet_id in filters['id']:
                subnet_key = self._subnet_vnc_read_mapping(id=subnet_id)
                if not subnet_key:
                    continue
                net_ids.add(subnet_key.split()[0])
            all_net_objs.extend(self._virtual_network_list(obj_uuids=list(net_ids),
                                                           detail=True))
        else:
            if not context['is_admin']:
                proj_id = context['tenant']
            else:
                proj_id = None
            net_objs = self._network_list_project(proj_id)
            all_net_objs.extend(net_objs)
            net_objs = self._network_list_shared()
            all_net_objs.extend(net_objs)

        ret_dict = {}
        for net_obj in all_net_objs:
            if net_obj.uuid in ret_dict:
                continue
            ret_dict[net_obj.uuid] = 1
            ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs()
            if ipam_refs:
                for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
                    subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
                    for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs:
                        try:
                            sn_info = self._subnet_vnc_to_neutron(subnet_vnc,
                                                              net_obj,
                                                              ipam_ref['to'])
                        except Exception as e:
                            self.logger.error("Error in subnets_list: %s",
                                str(e))
                            continue
                        sn_id = sn_info['id']
                        sn_proj_id = sn_info['tenant_id']
                        sn_net_id = sn_info['network_id']
                        sn_name = sn_info['name']

                        if (filters and 'shared' in filters and
                                        filters['shared'][0] == True):
                            if not net_obj.is_shared:
                                continue
                        elif filters:
                            if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id',
                                                            sn_id):
                                continue
                            if not self._filters_is_present(filters,
                                                            'tenant_id',
                                                            str(uuid.UUID(sn_proj_id))):
                                continue
                            if not self._filters_is_present(filters,
                                                            'network_id',
                                                            sn_net_id):
                                continue
                            if not self._filters_is_present(filters,
                                                            'name',
                                                            sn_name):
                                continue

                        ret_subnets.append(sn_info)

        return ret_subnets
    #end subnets_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def subnets_count(self, context, filters=None):
        subnets_info = self.subnets_list(context, filters)
        return len(subnets_info)
    #end subnets_count

    # ipam api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def ipam_create(self, ipam_q):
        # TODO remove below once api-server can read and create projects
        # from keystone on startup
        #self._ensure_project_exists(ipam_q['tenant_id'])

        ipam_obj = self._ipam_neutron_to_vnc(ipam_q, CREATE)
        try:
            ipam_uuid = self._vnc_lib.network_ipam_create(ipam_obj)
        except RefsExistError as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='ipam', msg=str(e))
        return self._ipam_vnc_to_neutron(ipam_obj)
    #end ipam_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def ipam_read(self, ipam_id):
        try:
            ipam_obj = self._vnc_lib.network_ipam_read(id=ipam_id)
        except NoIdError:
            # TODO add ipam specific exception
            self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkNotFound',
                                           net_id=ipam_id)

        return self._ipam_vnc_to_neutron(ipam_obj)
    #end ipam_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def ipam_update(self, ipam_id, ipam_q):
        ipam_q['id'] = ipam_id
        ipam_obj = self._ipam_neutron_to_vnc(ipam_q, UPDATE)
        self._vnc_lib.network_ipam_update(ipam_obj)

        return self._ipam_vnc_to_neutron(ipam_obj)
    #end ipam_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def ipam_delete(self, ipam_id):
        self._vnc_lib.network_ipam_delete(id=ipam_id)
    #end ipam_delete

    # TODO request based on filter contents
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def ipam_list(self, context=None, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        # collect phase
        all_ipams = []  # all ipams in all projects
        if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                     filters['tenant_id'])
            for p_id in project_ids:
                project_ipams = self._ipam_list_project(p_id)
                all_ipams.append(project_ipams)
        else:  # no filters
            dom_projects = self._project_list_domain(None)
            for project in dom_projects:
                proj_id = project['uuid']
                project_ipams = self._ipam_list_project(proj_id)
                all_ipams.append(project_ipams)

        # prune phase
        for project_ipams in all_ipams:
            for proj_ipam in project_ipams:
                # TODO implement same for name specified in filter
                proj_ipam_id = proj_ipam['uuid']
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id', proj_ipam_id):
                    continue
                try:
                    ipam_info = self.ipam_read(proj_ipam['uuid'])
                except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in ipam_list: %s", str(e))
                    continue
                ret_list.append(ipam_info)

        return ret_list
    #end ipam_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def ipam_count(self, filters=None):
        count = self._resource_count_optimized("network_ipams", filters)
        if count is not None:
            return count

        ipam_info = self.ipam_list(filters=filters)
        return len(ipam_info)
    #end ipam_count

    # policy api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def policy_create(self, policy_q):
        # TODO remove below once api-server can read and create projects
        # from keystone on startup
        #self._ensure_project_exists(policy_q['tenant_id'])

        policy_obj = self._policy_neutron_to_vnc(policy_q, CREATE)
        try:
            policy_uuid = self._vnc_lib.network_policy_create(policy_obj)
        except RefsExistError as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='policy', msg=str(e))
        return self._policy_vnc_to_neutron(policy_obj)
    #end policy_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def policy_read(self, policy_id):
        try:
            policy_obj = self._vnc_lib.network_policy_read(id=policy_id)
        except NoIdError:
            raise policy.PolicyNotFound(id=policy_id)

        return self._policy_vnc_to_neutron(policy_obj)
    #end policy_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def policy_update(self, policy_id, policy):
        policy_q = policy
        policy_q['id'] = policy_id
        policy_obj = self._policy_neutron_to_vnc(policy_q, UPDATE)
        self._vnc_lib.network_policy_update(policy_obj)

        return self._policy_vnc_to_neutron(policy_obj)
    #end policy_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def policy_delete(self, policy_id):
        self._vnc_lib.network_policy_delete(id=policy_id)
    #end policy_delete

    # TODO request based on filter contents
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def policy_list(self, context=None, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        # collect phase
        all_policys = []  # all policys in all projects
        if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                     filters['tenant_id'])
            for p_id in project_ids:
                project_policys = self._policy_list_project(p_id)
                all_policys.append(project_policys)
        else:  # no filters
            dom_projects = self._project_list_domain(None)
            for project in dom_projects:
                proj_id = project['uuid']
                project_policys = self._policy_list_project(proj_id)
                all_policys.append(project_policys)

        # prune phase
        for project_policys in all_policys:
            for proj_policy in project_policys:
                # TODO implement same for name specified in filter
                proj_policy_id = proj_policy['uuid']
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id', proj_policy_id):
                    continue
                try:
                    policy_info = self.policy_read(proj_policy['uuid'])
                except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in policy_list: %s", str(e))
                    continue
                ret_list.append(policy_info)

        return ret_list
    #end policy_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def policy_count(self, filters=None):
        count = self._resource_count_optimized("network_policys", filters)
        if count is not None:
            return count

        policy_info = self.policy_list(filters=filters)
        return len(policy_info)
    #end policy_count

    def _router_update_gateway(self, router_q, rtr_obj):
        ext_gateway = router_q.get('external_gateway_info', None)
        old_ext_gateway = self._get_external_gateway_info(rtr_obj)
        if ext_gateway or old_ext_gateway:
            network_id = None
            if ext_gateway:
                network_id = ext_gateway.get('network_id', None)
            if network_id:
                if old_ext_gateway and network_id == old_ext_gateway:
                    return
                try:
                    net_obj = self._virtual_network_read(net_id=network_id)
                    if not net_obj.get_router_external():
                        self._raise_contrail_exception(
                            'BadRequest', resource='router',
                            msg="Network %s is not a valid external network" % network_id)
                except NoIdError:
                    self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkNotFound',
                                                   net_id=network_id)

                self._router_set_external_gateway(rtr_obj, net_obj)
            else:
                self._router_clear_external_gateway(rtr_obj)

    def _router_set_external_gateway(self, router_obj, ext_net_obj):
        # Set logical gateway virtual network
        router_obj.set_virtual_network(ext_net_obj)
        self._vnc_lib.logical_router_update(router_obj)

    def _router_clear_external_gateway(self, router_obj):
        # Clear logical gateway virtual network
        router_obj.set_virtual_network_list([])
        self._vnc_lib.logical_router_update(router_obj)

    # router api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def router_create(self, router_q):
        #self._ensure_project_exists(router_q['tenant_id'])

        rtr_obj = self._router_neutron_to_vnc(router_q, CREATE)
        rtr_uuid = self._resource_create('logical_router', rtr_obj)
        # read it back to update id perms
        rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(rtr_uuid)
        self._router_update_gateway(router_q, rtr_obj)
        ret_router_q = self._router_vnc_to_neutron(rtr_obj, rtr_repr='SHOW')

        return ret_router_q
    #end router_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def router_read(self, rtr_uuid, fields=None):
        # see if we can return fast...
        if fields and (len(fields) == 1) and fields[0] == 'tenant_id':
            tenant_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('router', rtr_uuid)
            return {'id': rtr_uuid, 'tenant_id': tenant_id}

        try:
            rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(rtr_uuid)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('RouterNotFound',
                                           router_id=rtr_uuid)

        return self._router_vnc_to_neutron(rtr_obj, rtr_repr='SHOW')
    #end router_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def router_update(self, rtr_id, router_q):
        router_q['id'] = rtr_id
        rtr_obj = self._router_neutron_to_vnc(router_q, UPDATE)
        self._logical_router_update(rtr_obj)
        self._router_update_gateway(router_q, rtr_obj)
        ret_router_q = self._router_vnc_to_neutron(rtr_obj, rtr_repr='SHOW')

        return ret_router_q
    #end router_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def router_delete(self, rtr_id):
        try:
            rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(rtr_id)
            if rtr_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs():
                self._raise_contrail_exception('RouterInUse',
                                               router_id=rtr_id)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('RouterNotFound',
                                           router_id=rtr_id)

        self._router_clear_external_gateway(rtr_obj)
        self._logical_router_delete(rtr_id=rtr_id)
    #end router_delete

    # TODO request based on filter contents
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def router_list(self, context=None, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        if filters and 'shared' in filters:
            if filters['shared'][0] == True:
                # no support for shared routers
                return ret_list

        # collect phase
        all_rtrs = []  # all n/ws in all projects
        if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            # project-id is present
            if 'id' in filters:
                # required routers are also specified,
                # just read and populate ret_list
                # prune is skipped because all_rtrs is empty
                for rtr_id in filters['id']:
                    try:
                        rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(rtr_id)
                        rtr_info = self._router_vnc_to_neutron(rtr_obj,
                                                               rtr_repr='LIST')
                        ret_list.append(rtr_info)
                    except NoIdError:
                        pass
            else:
                # read all routers in project, and prune below
                project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                         filters['tenant_id'])
                for p_id in project_ids:
                    if 'router:external' in filters:
                        all_rtrs.append(self._fip_pool_ref_routers(p_id))
                    else:
                        project_rtrs = self._router_list_project(p_id)
                        all_rtrs.append(project_rtrs)
        elif filters and 'id' in filters:
            # required routers are specified, just read and populate ret_list
            # prune is skipped because all_rtrs is empty
            for rtr_id in filters['id']:
                try:
                    rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(rtr_id)
                    rtr_info = self._router_vnc_to_neutron(rtr_obj,
                                                           rtr_repr='LIST')
                    ret_list.append(rtr_info)
                except NoIdError:
                    pass
        else:
            if not context['is_admin']:
                project_id = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))
            else:
                project_id = None

            # read all routers in specified projects
            project_rtrs = self._router_list_project(project_id=project_id)
            all_rtrs.append(project_rtrs)

        # prune phase
        for project_rtrs in all_rtrs:
            for proj_rtr in project_rtrs:
                proj_rtr_id = proj_rtr['uuid']
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id', proj_rtr_id):
                    continue

                proj_rtr_fq_name = unicode(proj_rtr['fq_name'])
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'contrail:fq_name',
                                                proj_rtr_fq_name):
                    continue
                try:
                    rtr_obj = self._logical_router_read(proj_rtr['uuid'])
                    if not self._filters_is_present(
                        filters, 'name',
                        rtr_obj.get_display_name() or rtr_obj.name):
                        continue
                    rtr_info = self._router_vnc_to_neutron(rtr_obj,
                                                           rtr_repr='LIST')
                except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in router_list: %s", str(e))
                    continue
                ret_list.append(rtr_info)

        return ret_list
    #end router_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def router_count(self, filters=None):
        count = self._resource_count_optimized("logical_routers", filters)
        if count is not None:
            return count

        rtrs_info = self.router_list(filters=filters)
        return len(rtrs_info)
    #end router_count

    def _check_for_dup_router_subnet(self, router_id,
                                     network_id, subnet_id, subnet_cidr):
        try:
            rports = self.port_list(filters={'device_id': [router_id]})
            # It's possible these ports are on the same network, but
            # different subnets.
            new_ipnet = netaddr.IPNetwork(subnet_cidr)
            for p in rports:
                for ip in p['fixed_ips']:
                    if ip['subnet_id'] == subnet_id:
                       msg = (_("Router %s already has a port "
                                "on subnet %s") % (router_id, subnet_id))
                       self._raise_contrail_exception(
                           'BadRequest', resource='router', msg=msg)
                    sub_id = ip['subnet_id']
                    subnet = self.subnet_read(sub_id)
                    cidr = subnet['cidr']
                    ipnet = netaddr.IPNetwork(cidr)
                    match1 = netaddr.all_matching_cidrs(new_ipnet, [cidr])
                    match2 = netaddr.all_matching_cidrs(ipnet, [subnet_cidr])
                    if match1 or match2:
                        data = {'subnet_cidr': subnet_cidr,
                                'subnet_id': subnet_id,
                                'cidr': cidr,
                                'sub_id': sub_id}
                        msg = (_("Cidr %(subnet_cidr)s of subnet "
                                 "%(subnet_id)s overlaps with cidr %(cidr)s "
                                 "of subnet %(sub_id)s") % data)
                        self._raise_contrail_exception(
                            'BadRequest', resource='router', msg=msg)
        except NoIdError:
            pass

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def add_router_interface(self, context, router_id, port_id=None, subnet_id=None):
        router_obj = self._logical_router_read(router_id)
        if port_id:
            port = self.port_read(port_id)
            if (port['device_owner'] == constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_INTF and
                    port['device_id']):
                self._raise_contrail_exception('PortInUse',
                                               net_id=port['network_id'],
                                               port_id=port['id'],
                                               device_id=port['device_id'])
            fixed_ips = [ip for ip in port['fixed_ips']]
            if len(fixed_ips) != 1:
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'BadRequest', resource='router',
                    msg='Router port must have exactly one fixed IP')
            subnet_id = fixed_ips[0]['subnet_id']
            subnet = self.subnet_read(subnet_id)
            self._check_for_dup_router_subnet(router_id,
                                              port['network_id'],
                                              subnet['id'],
                                              subnet['cidr'])

        elif subnet_id:
            subnet = self.subnet_read(subnet_id)
            if not subnet['gateway_ip']:
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'BadRequest', resource='router',
                    msg='Subnet for router interface must have a gateway IP')
            self._check_for_dup_router_subnet(router_id,
                                              subnet['network_id'],
                                              subnet_id,
                                              subnet['cidr'])

            fixed_ip = {'ip_address': subnet['gateway_ip'],
                        'subnet_id': subnet['id']}
            port = self.port_create(context, {'tenant_id': subnet['tenant_id'],
                 'network_id': subnet['network_id'],
                 'fixed_ips': [fixed_ip],
                 'admin_state_up': True,
                 'device_id': router_id,
                 'device_owner': constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_INTF,
                 'name': ''})

            port_id = port['id']

        else:
            self._raise_contrail_exception(
                'BadRequest', resource='router',
                msg='Either port or subnet must be specified')

        vmi_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_read(id=port_id)
        vmi_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface_device_owner(
            constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_INTF)
        self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_interface_update(vmi_obj)
        router_obj.add_virtual_machine_interface(vmi_obj)
        self._logical_router_update(router_obj)
        info = {'id': router_id,
                'tenant_id': subnet['tenant_id'],
                'port_id': port_id,
                'subnet_id': subnet_id}
        return info
    # end add_router_interface

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def remove_router_interface(self, router_id, port_id=None, subnet_id=None):
        router_obj = self._logical_router_read(router_id)
        subnet = None
        if port_id:
            port_db = self.port_read(port_id)
            if (port_db['device_owner'] != constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_INTF
                or port_db['device_id'] != router_id):
                self._raise_contrail_exception('RouterInterfaceNotFound',
                                               router_id=router_id,
                                               port_id=port_id)
            port_subnet_id = port_db['fixed_ips'][0]['subnet_id']
            if subnet_id and (port_subnet_id != subnet_id):
                self._raise_contrail_exception('SubnetMismatchForPort',
                                               port_id=port_id,
                                               subnet_id=subnet_id)
            subnet_id = port_subnet_id
            subnet = self.subnet_read(subnet_id)
            network_id = subnet['network_id']
        elif subnet_id:
            subnet = self.subnet_read(subnet_id)
            network_id = subnet['network_id']

            for intf in router_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs() or []:
                port_id = intf['uuid']
                port_db = self.port_read(port_id)
                if subnet_id == port_db['fixed_ips'][0]['subnet_id']:
                    break
            else:
                msg = _('Subnet %s not connected to router %s') % (subnet_id,
                                                                   router_id)
                self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                                               resource='router', msg=msg)

        port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id)
        router_obj.del_virtual_machine_interface(port_obj)
        self._vnc_lib.logical_router_update(router_obj)
        self.port_delete(port_id)
        info = {'id': router_id,
            'tenant_id': subnet['tenant_id'],
            'port_id': port_id,
            'subnet_id': subnet_id}
        return info
    # end remove_router_interface

    # floatingip api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def floatingip_create(self, context, fip_q):
        try:
            fip_obj = self._floatingip_neutron_to_vnc(context, fip_q, CREATE)
        except Exception, e:
            #logging.exception(e)
            msg = _('Internal error when trying to create floating ip. '
                    'Please be sure the network %s is an external '
                    'network.') % (fip_q['floating_network_id'])
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                                           resource='floatingip', msg=msg)
        try:
            fip_uuid = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_create(fip_obj)
        except OverQuota as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('OverQuota',
                overs=['floatingip'], msg=str(e))
        except Exception as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('IpAddressGenerationFailure',
                                           net_id=fip_q['floating_network_id'])
        fip_obj = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_read(id=fip_uuid)

        return self._floatingip_vnc_to_neutron(fip_obj)
    #end floatingip_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def floatingip_read(self, fip_uuid):
        try:
            fip_obj = self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_read(id=fip_uuid)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('FloatingIPNotFound',
                                           floatingip_id=fip_uuid)

        return self._floatingip_vnc_to_neutron(fip_obj)
    #end floatingip_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def floatingip_update(self, context, fip_id, fip_q):
        fip_q['id'] = fip_id
        fip_obj = self._floatingip_neutron_to_vnc(context, fip_q, UPDATE)
        self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_update(fip_obj)

        return self._floatingip_vnc_to_neutron(fip_obj)
    #end floatingip_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def floatingip_delete(self, fip_id):
        try:
            self._vnc_lib.floating_ip_delete(id=fip_id)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('FloatingIPNotFound',
                                           floatingip_id=fip_id)
    #end floatingip_delete

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def floatingip_list(self, context, filters=None):
        # Read in floating ips with either
        # - port(s) as anchor
        # - project(s) as anchor
        # - none as anchor (floating-ip collection)
        ret_list = []

        proj_ids = None
        port_ids = None
        fip_ids = None
        backref_ids = None
        if filters:
            if 'id' in filters:
                fip_ids = filters['id']
            if 'tenant_id' in filters:
                backref_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                         filters['tenant_id'])
                proj_ids = backref_ids
            if 'port_id' in filters:
                backref_ids = backref_ids or [] + filters['port_id']
                port_ids = backref_ids
        else:  # no filters
            if not context['is_admin']:
                backref_ids = [str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))]

        fip_objs = self._floatingip_list(obj_uuids=fip_ids,
                                         back_ref_id=backref_ids)

        for fip_obj in fip_objs:
            if 'floating_ip_address' in filters:
                if (fip_obj.get_floating_ip_address() not in
                        filters['floating_ip_address']):
                    continue
            # if filters has both id and tenant_id, api-server would
            # have returned ORed value, neutron expects ANDed
            if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id', fip_obj.uuid):
                continue
            if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
                if not fip_obj.get_project_refs():
                    continue
                if fip_obj.get_project_refs()[0]['uuid'] not in proj_ids:
                    continue
            if filters and 'port_id' in filters:
                if not fip_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs():
                    continue
                if fip_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs(
                       )[0]['uuid'] not in port_ids:
                    continue

            try:
                ret_list.append(self._floatingip_vnc_to_neutron(fip_obj))
            except NoIdError:
                continue
            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.error("Error in floatingip_list: %s", str(e))
                continue

        return ret_list
    #end floatingip_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def floatingip_count(self, context, filters=None):
        count = self._resource_count_optimized("floating_ips", filters)
        if count is not None:
            return count

        floatingip_info = self.floatingip_list(context, filters)
        return len(floatingip_info)
    #end floatingip_count

    def _ip_addr_in_net_id(self, ip_addr, net_id):
        """Checks if ip address is present in net-id."""
        net_ip_list = [ipobj.get_instance_ip_address() for ipobj in
                                self._instance_ip_list(back_ref_id=[net_id])]
        return ip_addr in net_ip_list

    def _create_instance_ip(self, net_obj, port_obj, ip_addr=None,
                            subnet_uuid=None, ip_family="v4"):
        ip_name = str(uuid.uuid4())
        ip_obj = InstanceIp(name=ip_name)
        ip_obj.uuid = ip_name
        if subnet_uuid:
            ip_obj.set_subnet_uuid(subnet_uuid)
        ip_obj.set_virtual_machine_interface(port_obj)
        ip_obj.set_virtual_network(net_obj)
        ip_obj.set_instance_ip_family(ip_family)
        if ip_addr:
            ip_obj.set_instance_ip_address(ip_addr)

        ip_id = self._instance_ip_create(ip_obj)
        # set instance ip ownership to real tenant
        tenant_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('port', port_obj.get_uuid())
        self._vnc_lib.chown(ip_id, tenant_id)
        return ip_id
    # end _create_instance_ip

    def _port_create_instance_ip(self, net_obj, port_obj, port_q, ip_family="v4"):
        fixed_ips = port_q.get('fixed_ips')
        if fixed_ips is None:
            return

        # 1. find existing ips on port
        # 2. add new ips on port from update body
        # 3. delete old/stale ips on port
        stale_ip_ids = {}
        for iip in getattr(port_obj, 'instance_ip_back_refs', []):
            iip_obj = self._instance_ip_read(instance_ip_id=iip['uuid'])
            ip_addr = iip_obj.get_instance_ip_address()
            stale_ip_ids[ip_addr] = iip['uuid']

        created_iip_ids = []
        for fixed_ip in fixed_ips:
            try:
                ip_addr = fixed_ip.get('ip_address')
                if ip_addr is not None:
                    try:
                        # this ip survives to next gen
                        del stale_ip_ids[ip_addr]
                        continue
                    except KeyError:
                        pass

                    if (IPAddress(fixed_ip['ip_address']).version == 4):
                        ip_family="v4"
                    elif (IPAddress(fixed_ip['ip_address']).version == 6):
                        ip_family="v6"
                subnet_id = fixed_ip.get('subnet_id')
                ip_id = self._create_instance_ip(net_obj, port_obj, ip_addr,
                                                 subnet_id, ip_family)
                created_iip_ids.append(ip_id)
            except vnc_exc.HttpError as e:
                # Resources are not available
                for iip_id in created_iip_ids:
                    self._instance_ip_delete(instance_ip_id=iip_id)
                raise e

        for stale_ip, stale_id in stale_ip_ids.items():
            self._instance_ip_delete(instance_ip_id=stale_id)
    # end _port_create_instance_ip

    # port api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def port_create(self, context, port_q):
        net_id = port_q['network_id']
        net_obj = self._network_read(net_id)
        tenant_id = self._get_tenant_id_for_create(context, port_q);
        proj_id = str(uuid.UUID(tenant_id))

        # if mac-address is specified, check against the exisitng ports
        # to see if there exists a port with the same mac-address
        if 'mac_address' in port_q:
            ports = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(back_ref_id=net_id)
            for port in ports:
                macs = port.get_virtual_machine_interface_mac_addresses()
                for mac in macs.get_mac_address():
                    if mac == port_q['mac_address']:
                        raise self._raise_contrail_exception("MacAddressInUse",
                            net_id=net_id, mac=port_q['mac_address'])

        # initialize port object
        port_obj = self._port_neutron_to_vnc(port_q, net_obj, CREATE)

        # determine creation of v4 and v6 ip object
        ip_obj_v4_create = False
        ip_obj_v6_create = False
        ipam_refs = net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs() or []
        for ipam_ref in ipam_refs:
            subnet_vncs = ipam_ref['attr'].get_ipam_subnets()
            for subnet_vnc in subnet_vncs:
                cidr = '%s/%s' %(subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix(),
                                 subnet_vnc.subnet.get_ip_prefix_len())
                if (IPNetwork(cidr).version == 4):
                    ip_obj_v4_create = True
                if (IPNetwork(cidr).version == 6):
                    ip_obj_v6_create = True

        # create the object
        port_id = self._resource_create('virtual_machine_interface', port_obj)
        self._vnc_lib.chown(port_id, tenant_id)
        # add support, nova boot --nic subnet-id=subnet_uuid
        subnet_id = port_q.get('subnet_id')
        try:
            if 'fixed_ips' in port_q:
                self._port_create_instance_ip(net_obj, port_obj, port_q)
            elif net_obj.get_network_ipam_refs():
                if (ip_obj_v4_create is True):
                    self._port_create_instance_ip(net_obj, port_obj,
                         {'fixed_ips':[{'ip_address': None,
                                        'subnet_id':subnet_id}]},
                                                  ip_family="v4")
                if (ip_obj_v6_create is True):
                    self._port_create_instance_ip(net_obj, port_obj,
                         {'fixed_ips':[{'ip_address': None,
                                        'subnet_id':subnet_id}]},
                                                  ip_family="v6")
        except vnc_exc.HttpError:
            # failure in creating the instance ip. Roll back
            self._virtual_machine_interface_delete(port_id=port_id)
            self._raise_contrail_exception('IpAddressGenerationFailure',
                                           net_id=net_obj.uuid)
        # TODO below reads back default parent name, fix it
        port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=port_id)
        ret_port_q = self._port_vnc_to_neutron(port_obj)

        # create interface route table for the port if
        # subnet has a host route for this port ip.
        if self._apply_subnet_host_routes:
            self._port_check_and_add_iface_route_table(ret_port_q['fixed_ips'],
                                                       net_obj, port_obj)

        return ret_port_q
    # end port_create

    # TODO add obj param and let caller use below only as a converter
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def port_read(self, port_id):
        try:
            port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=port_id)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('PortNotFound', port_id=port_id)

        ret_port_q = self._port_vnc_to_neutron(port_obj)

        return ret_port_q
    # end port_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def port_update(self, port_id, port_q):
        # if ip address passed then use it
        req_ip_addrs = []
        req_ip_subnets = []
        port_q['id'] = port_id
        port_obj = self._port_neutron_to_vnc(port_q, None, UPDATE)
        net_id = port_obj.get_virtual_network_refs()[0]['uuid']
        net_obj = self._network_read(net_id)
        self._virtual_machine_interface_update(port_obj)
        port_obj = self._virtual_machine_interface_read(port_id=port_id)
        ret_port_q = self._port_vnc_to_neutron(port_obj)

        return ret_port_q
    # end port_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def port_delete(self, port_id):
        port_obj = self._port_neutron_to_vnc({'id': port_id}, None, DELETE)
        if port_obj.parent_type == 'virtual-machine':
            instance_id = port_obj.parent_uuid
        else:
            vm_refs = port_obj.get_virtual_machine_refs()
            if vm_refs:
                instance_id = vm_refs[0]['uuid']
            else:
                instance_id = None
        if port_obj.get_logical_interface_back_refs():
            self._raise_contrail_exception(
               'BadRequest', resource='port',
               msg='port has logical interface attached')

        if port_obj.get_logical_router_back_refs():
            self._raise_contrail_exception('L3PortInUse', port_id=port_id,
                device_owner=constants.DEVICE_OWNER_ROUTER_INTF)

        # release instance IP address
        iip_back_refs = getattr(port_obj, 'instance_ip_back_refs', None)
        if iip_back_refs:
            for iip_back_ref in iip_back_refs:
                # if name contains IP address then this is shared ip
                iip_obj = self._vnc_lib.instance_ip_read(
                    id=iip_back_ref['uuid'])

                # in case of shared ip only delete the link to the VMI
                iip_obj.del_virtual_machine_interface(port_obj)
                if not iip_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs():
                    try:
                        self._instance_ip_delete(
                            instance_ip_id=iip_back_ref['uuid'])
                    except RefsExistError:
                        self._instance_ip_update(iip_obj)
                else:
                    self._instance_ip_update(iip_obj)

        # disassociate any floating IP used by instance
        fip_back_refs = getattr(port_obj, 'floating_ip_back_refs', None)
        if fip_back_refs:
            for fip_back_ref in fip_back_refs:
                self.floatingip_update(None, fip_back_ref['uuid'],
                                       {'port_id': None})

        tenant_id = self._get_obj_tenant_id('port', port_id)
        self._virtual_machine_interface_delete(port_id=port_id)

        # delete any interface route table associatd with the port
        for rt_ref in port_obj.get_interface_route_table_refs() or []:
            try:
                self._vnc_lib.interface_route_table_delete(id=rt_ref['uuid'])
            except (NoIdError, RefsExistError) as e:
                pass

        # delete instance if this was the last port
        try:
            if instance_id:
                self._vnc_lib.virtual_machine_delete(id=instance_id)
        except RefsExistError:
            pass

    #end port_delete

    def _port_fixed_ips_is_present(self, check, against):
        # filters = {'fixed_ips': {'ip_address': ['20.0.0.5', '20.0.0.6']}}
        # check = {'ip_address': ['20.0.0.5', '20.0.0.6']}
        # against = [{'subnet_id': 'uuid', 'ip_address': u'20.0.0.5'}]
        for addr in check['ip_address']:
            for item in against:
                if item['ip_address'] == addr:
                    return True

        return False
    # end _port_fixed_ips_is_present

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def port_list(self, context=None, filters=None):
        project_obj = None
        ret_q_ports = []
        all_project_ids = []
        if not context:
            context = {'is_admin': True}

        # TODO used to find dhcp server field. support later...
        if (filters.get('device_owner') == 'network:dhcp' or
            'network:dhcp' in filters.get('device_owner', [])):
             return ret_q_ports

        if not context['is_admin']:
            project_id = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))
        else:
            project_id = None

        if not 'device_id' in filters:
            # Listing from back references
            # TODO once vmi is linked to project in schema, use project_id
            # to limit scope of list
            if 'tenant_id' in filters:
                all_project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                             filters['tenant_id'])
            elif 'name' in filters or 'device_owner' in filters:
                all_project_ids = [str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))]
            elif 'id' in filters:
                # TODO optimize
                for port_id in filters['id']:
                    try:
                        port_info = self.port_read(port_id)
                    except NoIdError:
                        continue
                    ret_q_ports.append(port_info)
            else:
                ret_q_ports = self._port_list_project(project_id,
                                                  is_admin=context['is_admin'])

            if all_project_ids:
                ret_q_ports = []
                for proj_id in all_project_ids:
                    # Get data from filter tenant-ids
                    ret_q_ports.extend(self._port_list_project(proj_id))

            # prune phase
            ret_list = []
            for port_obj in ret_q_ports:
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'name',
                                                port_obj['name']):
                    continue
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'device_owner',
                                                port_obj["device_owner"]):
                    continue
                if ('fixed_ips' in filters and
                    not self._port_fixed_ips_is_present(filters['fixed_ips'],
                                                        port_obj['fixed_ips'])):
                    continue
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters,'network_id',
                                                port_obj['network_id']):
                    continue

                ret_list.append(port_obj)
            return ret_list

        # Listing from parent to children

        # port has a back_ref to LR, so need to read in LRs based on device id
        device_ids = filters['device_id']
        router_objs = self._logical_router_list(obj_uuids=device_ids)
        more_ports = []
        for router_obj in router_objs:
            intfs = router_obj.get_virtual_machine_interface_refs()
            for intf in (intfs or []):
                more_ports.append(intf['uuid'])

        # gather all ports from an anchor of virtual-machine (backref in
        # current schema and parent in < 1.06 schema)
        port_objs = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(parent_id=device_ids,
                                                    back_ref_id=device_ids)

        if len(more_ports):
            rtr_port_objs = self._virtual_machine_interface_list(obj_uuids=more_ports)
            port_objs.extend(rtr_port_objs)

        ret_q_ports = self._port_list(port_objs)

        return ret_q_ports
    #end port_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def port_count(self, filters=None):
        count = self._resource_count_optimized("virtual_machine_interfaces",
                                               filters)
        if count is not None:
            return count

        if (filters.get('device_owner') == 'network:dhcp' or
            'network:dhcp' in filters.get('device_owner', [])):
            return 0

        if 'tenant_id' in filters:
            if isinstance(filters['tenant_id'], list):
                project_id = str(uuid.UUID(filters['tenant_id'][0]))
            else:
                project_id = str(uuid.UUID(filters['tenant_id']))

            nports = self._port_list_project(project_id, count=True)
        else:
            # across all projects - TODO very expensive,
            # get only a count from api-server!
            nports = len(self.port_list(filters=filters))

        return nports
    #end port_count

    def populate_default_rule(self, ethertype = 'IPv4'):
        def_rule = {}
        def_rule['port_range_min'] = 0
        def_rule['port_range_max'] = 65535
        def_rule['direction'] = 'egress'
        def_rule['remote_group_id'] = None
        def_rule['protocol'] = 'any'

        if ethertype == 'IPv4':
            def_rule['ethertype'] = 'IPv4'
            def_rule['remote_ip_prefix'] = '0.0.0.0/0'
        else:
            def_rule['ethertype'] = 'IPv6'
            def_rule['remote_ip_prefix'] = '::/0'

        return def_rule

    # security group api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_create(self, sg_q):
        sg_obj = self._security_group_neutron_to_vnc(sg_q, CREATE)

        # ensure default SG and deny create if the group name is default
        if sg_q['name'] == 'default':
            self._ensure_default_security_group_exists(sg_q['tenant_id'])
            self._raise_contrail_exception("SecurityGroupAlreadyExists")

        sg_uuid = self._resource_create('security_group', sg_obj)

        #allow all IPv4 egress traffic
        def_rule = self.populate_default_rule('IPv4')
        rule = self._security_group_rule_neutron_to_vnc(def_rule, CREATE)
        self._security_group_rule_create(sg_uuid, rule)

        #allow all IPv6 egress traffic
        def_rule = self.populate_default_rule('IPv6')
        rule = self._security_group_rule_neutron_to_vnc(def_rule, CREATE)
        self._security_group_rule_create(sg_uuid, rule)

        ret_sg_q = self._security_group_vnc_to_neutron(sg_obj)
        return ret_sg_q
    #end security_group_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_update(self, sg_id, sg_q):
        sg_q['id'] = sg_id
        sg_obj = self._security_group_neutron_to_vnc(sg_q, UPDATE)
        self._vnc_lib.security_group_update(sg_obj)

        ret_sg_q = self._security_group_vnc_to_neutron(sg_obj)

        return ret_sg_q
    #end security_group_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_read(self, sg_id):
        try:
            sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_id)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupNotFound', id=sg_id)

        return self._security_group_vnc_to_neutron(sg_obj)
    #end security_group_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_delete(self, context, sg_id):
        try:
            sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_id)
            if (sg_obj.name == 'default' and
                str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant_id'])) == sg_obj.parent_uuid):
                # Deny delete if the security group name is default and
                # the owner of the SG is deleting it.
                self._raise_contrail_exception(
                    'SecurityGroupCannotRemoveDefault')
        except NoIdError:
            return

        try:
            self._security_group_delete(sg_id)
        except RefsExistError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupInUse', id=sg_id)

   #end security_group_delete

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_list(self, context, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        # collect phase
        self._ensure_default_security_group_exists(context['tenant_id'])

        all_sgs = []  # all sgs in all projects
        if filters and 'id' in filters:
            all_sgs.append(
                self._vnc_lib.security_groups_list(obj_uuids=filters['id'],
                                                   detail=True))
        elif context and not context['is_admin']:
            project_sgs = self._security_group_list_project(str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant'])), filters)
            all_sgs.append(project_sgs)
        else: # admin context
            if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
                project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                         filters['tenant_id'])
                for p_id in project_ids:
                    project_sgs = self._security_group_list_project(p_id, filters)
                    all_sgs.append(project_sgs)
            else:  # no tenant_id filter
                all_sgs.append(self._security_group_list_project(None, filters))

        # prune phase
        for project_sgs in all_sgs:
            for sg_obj in project_sgs:
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'name',
                                                sg_obj.get_display_name() or sg_obj.name):
                    continue
                try:
                    sg_info = self._security_group_vnc_to_neutron(sg_obj)
                except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in security_group_list: %s", str(e))
                    continue
                ret_list.append(sg_info)

        return ret_list
    #end security_group_list

    def _validate_port_range(self, rule):
        """Check that port_range is valid."""
        if (rule['port_range_min'] is None and
            rule['port_range_max'] is None):
            return
        if not rule['protocol']:
            self._raise_contrail_exception(
                'SecurityGroupProtocolRequiredWithPorts')
        if rule['protocol'] in [constants.PROTO_NAME_TCP,
                                constants.PROTO_NAME_UDP,
                                str(constants.PROTO_NUM_TCP),
                                str(constants.PROTO_NUM_UDP)]:
            if (rule['port_range_min'] is not None and
                rule['port_range_min'] <= rule['port_range_max']):
                pass
            else:
                self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupInvalidPortRange')
        elif rule['protocol'] in [constants.PROTO_NAME_ICMP,
                                  str(constants.PROTO_NUM_ICMP)]:
            for attr, field in [('port_range_min', 'type'),
                                ('port_range_max', 'code')]:
                if rule[attr] > 255:
                    self._raise_contrail_exception(
                        'SecurityGroupInvalidIcmpValue', field=field,
                        attr=attr, value=rule[attr])
            if (rule['port_range_min'] is None and
                    rule['port_range_max']):
                self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupMissingIcmpType',
                                               value=rule['port_range_max'])

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_rule_create(self, sgr_q):
        self._validate_port_range(sgr_q)
        sg_id = sgr_q['security_group_id']
        sg_rule = self._security_group_rule_neutron_to_vnc(sgr_q, CREATE)
        self._security_group_rule_create(sg_id, sg_rule)
        ret_sg_rule_q = self._security_group_rule_vnc_to_neutron(sg_id,
                                                                 sg_rule)

        return ret_sg_rule_q
    #end security_group_rule_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_rule_read(self, context, sgr_id):
        project_uuid = None
        if not context['is_admin']:
            project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant_id']))

        sg_obj, sg_rule = self._security_group_rule_find(sgr_id, project_uuid)
        if sg_obj and sg_rule:
            return self._security_group_rule_vnc_to_neutron(sg_obj.uuid,
                                                            sg_rule, sg_obj)

        self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupRuleNotFound', id=sgr_id)
    #end security_group_rule_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_rule_delete(self, context, sgr_id):
        project_uuid = None
        if not context['is_admin']:
            project_uuid = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant_id']))

        sg_obj, sg_rule = self._security_group_rule_find(sgr_id, project_uuid)
        if sg_obj and sg_rule:
            return self._security_group_rule_delete(sg_obj, sg_rule)

        self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupRuleNotFound', id=sgr_id)
    #end security_group_rule_delete

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_rules_read(self, sg_id, sg_obj=None):
        try:
            if not sg_obj:
                sg_obj = self._vnc_lib.security_group_read(id=sg_id)

            sgr_entries = sg_obj.get_security_group_entries()
            sg_rules = []
            if sgr_entries is None:
                return

            for sg_rule in sgr_entries.get_policy_rule():
                sg_info = self._security_group_rule_vnc_to_neutron(sg_obj.uuid,
                                                                   sg_rule,
                                                                   sg_obj)
                sg_rules.append(sg_info)
        except NoIdError:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('SecurityGroupNotFound', id=sg_id)

        return sg_rules
    #end security_group_rules_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def security_group_rule_list(self, context=None, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        # collect phase
        all_sgs = []
        if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                     filters['tenant_id'])
            for p_id in project_ids:
                project_sgs = self._security_group_list_project(p_id, filters)
                all_sgs.append(project_sgs)
        else:  # no filters
            p_id = None
            if context and not context['is_admin']:
                p_id = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))
            all_sgs.append(self._security_group_list_project(p_id, filters))

        # prune phase
        for project_sgs in all_sgs:
            for sg_obj in project_sgs:
                try:
                    sgr_info = self.security_group_rules_read(sg_obj.uuid, sg_obj)
                except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in security_group_rule_list: %s",
                        str(e))
                    continue
                if sgr_info:
                    ret_list.extend(sgr_info)

        return ret_list
    #end security_group_rule_list

    #route table api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def route_table_create(self, rt_q):
        rt_obj = self._route_table_neutron_to_vnc(rt_q, CREATE)
        try:
            rt_uuid = self._route_table_create(rt_obj)
        except RefsExistError as e:
            self._raise_contrail_exception('BadRequest',
                resource='route_table', msg=str(e))
        ret_rt_q = self._route_table_vnc_to_neutron(rt_obj)
        return ret_rt_q
    #end route_table_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def route_table_read(self, rt_id):
        try:
            rt_obj = self._vnc_lib.route_table_read(id=rt_id)
        except NoIdError:
            # TODO add route table specific exception
            self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkNotFound', net_id=rt_id)

        return self._route_table_vnc_to_neutron(rt_obj)
    #end route_table_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def route_table_update(self, rt_id, rt_q):
        rt_q['id'] = rt_id
        rt_obj = self._route_table_neutron_to_vnc(rt_q, UPDATE)
        self._vnc_lib.route_table_update(rt_obj)
        return self._route_table_vnc_to_neutron(rt_obj)
    #end policy_update

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def route_table_delete(self, rt_id):
        self._route_table_delete(rt_id)
    #end route_table_delete

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def route_table_list(self, context, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        # collect phase
        all_rts = []  # all rts in all projects
        if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                     filters['tenant_id'])
            for p_id in project_ids:
                project_rts = self._route_table_list_project(p_id)
                all_rts.append(project_rts)
        elif filters and 'name' in filters:
            p_id = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))
            project_rts = self._route_table_list_project(p_id)
            all_rts.append(project_rts)
        else:  # no filters
            dom_projects = self._project_list_domain(None)
            for project in dom_projects:
                proj_id = project['uuid']
                project_rts = self._route_table_list_project(proj_id)
                all_rts.append(project_rts)

        # prune phase
        for project_rts in all_rts:
            for proj_rt in project_rts:
                # TODO implement same for name specified in filter
                proj_rt_id = proj_rt['uuid']
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id', proj_rt_id):
                    continue
                try:
                    rt_info = self.route_table_read(proj_rt_id)
		except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in route_table_list: %s", str(e))
                    continue
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'name',
                                                rt_info['name']):
                    continue
                ret_list.append(rt_info)

        return ret_list
    #end route_table_list

    #service instance api handlers
    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def svc_instance_create(self, si_q):
        si_obj = self._svc_instance_neutron_to_vnc(si_q, CREATE)
        si_uuid = self._svc_instance_create(si_obj)
        ret_si_q = self._svc_instance_vnc_to_neutron(si_obj)
        return ret_si_q
    #end svc_instance_create

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def svc_instance_read(self, si_id):
        try:
            si_obj = self._vnc_lib.service_instance_read(id=si_id)
        except NoIdError:
            # TODO add svc instance specific exception
            self._raise_contrail_exception('NetworkNotFound', net_id=si_id)

        return self._svc_instance_vnc_to_neutron(si_obj)
    #end svc_instance_read

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def svc_instance_delete(self, si_id):
        self._svc_instance_delete(si_id)
    #end svc_instance_delete

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def svc_instance_list(self, context, filters=None):
        ret_list = []

        # collect phase
        all_sis = []  # all sis in all projects
        if filters and 'tenant_id' in filters:
            project_ids = self._validate_project_ids(context,
                                                     filters['tenant_id'])
            for p_id in project_ids:
                project_sis = self._svc_instance_list_project(p_id)
                all_sis.append(project_sis)
        elif filters and 'name' in filters:
            p_id = str(uuid.UUID(context['tenant']))
            project_sis = self._svc_instance_list_project(p_id)
            all_sis.append(project_sis)
        else:  # no filters
            dom_projects = self._project_list_domain(None)
            for project in dom_projects:
                proj_id = project['uuid']
                project_sis = self._svc_instance_list_project(proj_id)
                all_sis.append(project_sis)

        # prune phase
        for project_sis in all_sis:
            for proj_si in project_sis:
                # TODO implement same for name specified in filter
                proj_si_id = proj_si['uuid']
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'id', proj_si_id):
                    continue
                try:
                    si_info = self.svc_instance_read(proj_si_id)
		except NoIdError:
                    continue
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.error("Error in svc_instance_list: %s", str(e))
                    continue
                if not self._filters_is_present(filters, 'name',
                                                si_info['name']):
                    continue
                ret_list.append(si_info)

        return ret_list
    #end svc_instance_list

    @wait_for_api_server_connection
    def virtual_router_read(self, vrouter_id):
        try:
            vrouter_obj = self._vnc_lib.virtual_router_read(fq_name=vrouter_id)
        except NoIdError:
            # TODO add VirtualRouter specific exception
            self._raise_contrail_exception('VirtualRouterNotFound',
                                           vrouter_id=vrouter_id)

        return self._virtual_router_to_neutron(vrouter_obj)
    #end virtual_router_read

#end class DBInterface